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AHPS > AHPS weeks 7- 8 > Flashcards

AHPS weeks 7- 8 Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

What are the three temperate species of deer?

A

Fallow, red and elk

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2
Q

What are the three tropical species of deer?

A

Rusa, Chital, Samber

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3
Q

Which are the deer species that call

  • males = stag
  • females = hind
  • young = calf
A

Red, rusa, samber, chital

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4
Q

Which deer species:

  • male = bull
  • female = cow
  • young = calf
A

Waipiti

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5
Q

Which deer species:

  • male = buck
  • female = doe
  • young = fawn
A

Fallow

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6
Q

What are four modern advances in deer farming?

A

Curved runs + uphill location for yard to facilitate easy mustering

Transport in the dark

Procedures done in dim light

Plant high hedges

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7
Q

What are the DSE ratings for:

  • fallow doe
  • rusa hind
  • red hind
A

Fallow doe = 2
Rusa hind = 3
Red hind = 3.5

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8
Q

What time of the year does the rut occur for red and elk deer? Is it different for fallow?

A

Autumn (march + april)

Fallow are April-May

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9
Q

What time of the year do buttons drop for red and elk? How does this compare to fallow?

A

After the rut - around September

Fallow drop in october

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10
Q

What time of the year do new antlers grow?

A

Immediately after button drop - mid Sept to Dec-Jan

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11
Q

What time of the year is velveting?

A

Spring - Late Oct to December

- may velvet one individual more than once

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12
Q

What time of the year are venisson sales?

A

December - March

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13
Q

When is calving for red and elk?

A

November - December

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14
Q

How many times a year do Rusa deer calve?

A

~4 times

Calve roughly every 3 months

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15
Q

What effect does increased daylight have on antler growth?

A

Testosterone levels are lowered > buttons drop and new growth starts

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16
Q

What effect does reducing daylight have on antler growth?

A

Testosterone increases - antelers calcify and velvet is shed

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17
Q

What happens to the bodyweight of the males during the rut?

A

Lose 30%

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18
Q

When do female deer reach sexual maturity?

A

15 months

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19
Q

What method is used to detect pregnancy, and when? Are NIPs common?

A

No - most females conceive within the first oestrous of the rut
Trans rectal ultrasound at 30 days

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20
Q

Who can perform velveting?

A

Veterinarians

Farmers that are accredited through the National Velvet Accreditation Scheme

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21
Q

What is the dressing percent for small ruminants?

A

Around 45%

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22
Q

Describe two different prime lamb systems.

Study These Flashcards
A

Merino F x Meat breed M => first cross lambs, all sold

  • can breed some merino F to merino M to replace herd if need be otherwise buy in new females
  • could also sell first cross F progeny into terminal lamb system

First cross F x Meat breed M => terminal lamb

  • better milk production than merino, and 3/4 meat breed
  • raise a large lamb
  • all sold
  • not self replacing
23
Q

Name three meat breed sheep

Study These Flashcards
A

Dorper
Multimeat composite
Poll Dorset

24
Q

What is % wool yield?

Study These Flashcards
A

Clean kg/greasy kg

25
What is the range for fibre diameter?
11um - 50um
26
Where in AU is the pastoral zone?
Inland NSW, SA, WA + tropics of central QLD
27
What is one advantage of production in the pastoral zone?
Less wet so less parasitism
28
What are two advantages of self-replacing flocks?
Reduced risk of bringing in disease with new individuals | Can control genetic gain
29
Provide four examples of first cross ewe sires
``` Border Leicester English Leicester Southdown Polwarth Dorset down Dorper ```
30
Provide 3 examples of a terminal sires?
Poll dorset Suffolk Texel
31
From which goat breed can you obtain Mohair?
Angora
32
How wide is a cashmere fibre? How much would you obtain per year per goat?
12 - 20 um | 50 - 300 g/yr/goat
33
Name two goat milk breeds
Saanen | Toggenburg
34
Name three meat goat breeds
British alpine Anglo-nubian Boer
35
What are three challenges to production in the pastoral zone?
Estimating pasture growth and availability year to year Managing impact of native animals on the pasture Ensuring adequate water supply
36
Where is the sheep - wheat zone?
Inland WA, NSW, VIC and QLD, though not as far in as the pastoral zone
37
How long before pasture senesces should lambing occur for a merino system?
3 - 4 months
38
How long before pasture senesces should lambing occur for a prime lamb system?
4 - 5 months
39
How long before lambing should joining be?
5 months
40
When should marking occur?
2 weeks after the end of lambing
41
How long after lambing should weaning occur?
12 - 16 weeks
42
What is the marking percent?
number of lambs/number of ewes mated
43
What is the minimum age for a lamb at weaning?
6 weeks
44
What are three important KPIs for beef?
Cost of production $/kg liveweight kg of beef produced /ha average sale price of beef in $/kg
45
What five things must be done before a thoroughbred can be registered?
``` Must have parentage information Freezebrand DNA sample obtained Microchip inserted Visual identification by a vet ```
46
What is one advantage of goat production over sheep? What is one disadvantage?
Advantage - reach sexual maturity earlier Disadvantage - grow more slowly than sheep
47
Why are goat kids snatch reared?
To avoid contracting caprine arthritis and encephalitis virus (CAEV) from the milk - especially if you have a milk enterprise. Only if you know you have a problem in a meat enterprise.
48
What might be some reasons lambs are growing slowly whilst still on their mums?
Mums milk production is waning Getting second pick of grass after mums May be accumulating parasite load from mums
49
Which wool length is most prone to developing fleecerot?
6 months' length - wets easily, dries slowly - the skin needs to be wet to develop fleecerot
50
How does fleecerot reduce wool quality?
Staining of wool by bacterial pigments.
51
What effect does shearing have on ewe reproduction?
Won't exhibit oestrous and therefore won't mate for 2 weeks following
52
When is (often) the poorest time of year for sheep nutrition?
Autumn
53
What increases the greasy fleece weight of wool after autumn shearing?
Extra wax and suint production + faster wool growth and thence wider fibre diameter in response to shearing at a time outside the sheep's thermoneutral zone when they will incrase their food intake considerably in response Dust also accumulates in the wool over summer before it is shorn
54
What staple length is preferred by producers?
60 - 90 mm

AHPS (8 decks)

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