Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AT Final > Aids to Daily Living/ Prostheses > Flashcards

Aids to Daily Living/ Prostheses Flashcards

1
Q

Home Automation Devices

A
  • EADLs
  • low and high tech
  • support occupations in the home
  • think of the video with the veteran with the decked out house
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

EADL stands for

A

Electronic Aid to Daily Living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Environmental Control Units

A
  • may control devices and appliances remotely

- may operate on momentary, timed, or latch command

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Parts of the System

A
  • input device
  • – human and tech interface
  • control unit processor
  • appliance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Control/Unit Processors

A
  • Input: direct or indirect
  • Output:
  • – Infrared
  • — X-10
  • — Radio frequency (Bluetooth)
  • — Wifi
  • Portable or tethered
  • Provide Feedback
  • Some have EADL built in (power w/c with eye gaze tech)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Infrared Remote

A
  • learnable from another remote
  • performs single switch scanning
  • does 6 functions (so >1, but not many)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Infrared + X-10: Quartet All in One System

A
  • learns IR signals
  • can use voice or switch activation (but voice is really old tech)
  • operates X-10 devices
  • with programming and equipment, can operate tv, bed, phone, lights, etc automatic environmental devices
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Infrared + X-10: Voice ME

A
  • voice activated infrared control
  • completely hands free: uses custom keyboard
  • accommodates up to 4 users
  • can add X-10 interface
  • plugs into wall (no dealing with rechargeable batteries)
  • provides auditory confirmation so you know you clicked what you meant to
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How X-10 works?

A
  • control unit that sends on/off signals across house wiring
  • ex: light switch
  • receives signal to open or close the circuit
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

X-10

A
  • Uses electrical wiring in a home to send signals to appliance from control unit
  • – Turns appliance on/off by “plugging and unplugging” at the outlet
  • “Easy” to set up
  • Individual pieces are inexpensive: Can purchase lamp and appliance modules at Radio Shack, Amazon.com
  • Ex: i think a light timer that plugs into the outlet is another example
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

X-10 Wireless

A
  • set house codes
  • signal strength within 100 ft of base
  • makes control portable
  • Con: modern tech devices interfere with x-10 (bluetooth, wifi)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Insteon

A
  • similar to X-10, but uses home wiring and radio frequency

- more sophisticated: key pads, installable outlets, motion detectors, cameras, mobile phone control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Feedback from Control Units

A
  • provides knowledge of results
  • auditory: tone, voice input
  • visual: display
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Controlling one device vs multiple devices

A
  • for emergencies, useful to have just one button for one function - you aren’t freezing in the cold while you find the button to open the door
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Artificial Intelligence

A
  • Amazon Echo/Dot
  • – must have internet connection
  • – speech recognition
  • – no training required
  • Home automation apps gaining popularity
  • – control lights with iphone
  • – use wifi or x-10
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Funding for EADLs

A
  • medical insurance requires it to be a medical necessity
  • MassHealth requires use of vendor for processing and purchase - no registered vendors in MA!
  • VA, Fundraisers/Foundations
  • Independent living programs
17
Q

Cognitive Aids for Daily Living

A
  • PDAs/Ipods for workers with ASD
  • for compensatory strategies
  • mainstream tech can be useful and tailored to fit individual’s needs
  • mainstream tech is lower cost and looks more normal
  • Digital Divide: those with disabilities have less access to mainstream devices
18
Q

Definitions:

  1. Prosthesis
  2. Prosthetic
  3. Prosthetics
  4. Prosthetist
A
  1. noun, the artificial component/device replacing the missing limb
  2. adjective
  3. noun, the art and science of making and fitting replacements for missing limbs
  4. noun, allied health professional responsible for making and fitting the replacement limbs
19
Q

Components of a Prosthetic

A
  • Socket
  • Suspension
  • Control Mechanism
20
Q

Socket

A
  • the immediate connection between the residual limb and the prosthesis
  • Interface: silicone, gel liners, flexible, acrylic, socks
  • Socks: primary usage is socket volume management (put on extra socks or remove if limb swells)
  • – accommodate limb maturation, variable limb volume
  • – act as cushion barrier for comfort
21
Q

Suspension (part of prosthesis)

A
  • how you get the limb to stay attached to you/not fall off
  • anatomical/self-suspending
  • harnessing
  • suction
  • pin/lock
22
Q

Control Mechanism for Prosthesis

A
  • Passive/oppositional
  • Body Powered
  • Myoelectric
  • Hybrid
23
Q

Passive/Oppositional Control Mechanism for Prosthesis

A
  • Fingers
  • passive function, light weight
  • can be high def in appearance
  • silicone restoration: digits back to original length
  • Silicone fingers acts of oppositional post for the other fingers to grasp object (puts less strain on rest of hand)
  • Limb protection: retains warmth to limb, cushioned absorber of impact on distal end and sensitive areas of skin, protect from callusing, reduce wear and tear of skin
  • Increase confidence - cosmetic appearance
  • Adjustable finger positioning - can bend finger for tasks (typing)
24
Q

Body Powered Control Mechanism for Prosthesis

A
  • Hooks
  • Harness around triceps and shoulders, a cable connects harness and hook
  • moving the residual arm forward causes the cable to pull back, opening the hook, moving the arm close to the body again relaxes the cable, closing the hook
  • requires strength and ROM
  • can be heavy duty
25
Q

Myoelectric Control Mechanism for Prosthesis

A
  • externally powered
  • operated through EMG
  • brain sends signals to muscles (even though the bone they used to pull is gone)
  • measures the electrical activity of the muscles while at rist and during contraction
  • electrical are sent to processor
  • processor interprets signal
  • prosthesis responds to signal
26
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages of Body Powered Prostheses

A
  • Advantage: light weight, durable, direct kinesthetic feedback, reduced maintenance/cost
  • Disadvantages: fatigue, limited pinch force, appearance, restriction of harness, atrophy of intrinsic muscles, limited options for higher amputations
27
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages of Myoelectric Prostheses

A
  • Advantages
  • – Increase functional ROM
  • – Increased grip strength
  • – Harness system reduced/eliminated
  • – Minimal energy expenditure
  • – Improves intrinsic musculature, circulation, health of limb
  • Disadvantages:
  • – Costly, heavy, increased maintenance, requires battery power, environmental susceptibility
28
Q

Hybrid Control Mechanism for Prostheses

A
  • combo of systems
  • lighter than full myoelectric system
  • improved grip strength
  • common set up: body powered elbow with myo terminal device
29
Q

Psychosocial Impact of Prostheses

A
  • Motivation to participate in valued occupations
  • provide appearance and function of missing limb to increase independence
  • no single prosthetic system meets all needs –> need multiple prostheses
  • Family support
30
Q

Voluntary opening vs closing for hooks

A
  • does body powered movement open the hook or close it?
  • Mech hands are also a thing, but they are bulky so they look nicer but dont work as well or serve as a memory aid for me
31
Q

Activity specific devices

A
  • flippers for swimming
  • picks for playing guitar
  • these exist, but insurance prob doesn’t like them
32
Q

MORPH

A
  • uses RFID tags to control switching grip patterns
  • wave hand over sensors to change grip
  • so you don’t need to use your R hand to position L hand, but you need to have the sensors or the box there
33
Q

Shoulder Amputees

A
  • limited options
  • can use myoelectric or hybrid
  • can use passive arm, but would have limited function
  • cannot use body powered if you don’t have an upper arm to move
34
Q

Pattern Recognition

A
  • more natural operation for user
  • creates new opportunities for individual finger control
  • easy hand/wrist function
  • simple calibration and setup
35
Q

M and X Fingers

A

Active Function - body powered artificial fingers –> pulley system –> use residual finger/knuckle part of hand –> when making a fist, the cable will pull on the distal part of the finger causing it to curl

  • X uses a pulley just on residual finger
  • M uses a pulley on the hand
36
Q

Single vs dual control

A
  • single: one button opens and closes
  • dual: one button opens and one closes
  • – dual is better for myoelectric: one muscle for opening and one for closing
37
Q

Wrists: Quick Disconnect

A
  • can easily take off one hand and put on another hand

- all hands attach to the same arm

AT Final (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions