aims and types of punishment

Question 1

how many aims of punishment are there?

Answer 1

6

Question 2

what is retribution?

Answer 2

punish the offender through prison, fines or community sentence

Question 3

what aim of punishment punishes the offender through prison, fines or community sentence

Answer 3

retribution

Question 4

what is reparation?

Answer 4

make the offender give something back e.g. money or through work such as restorative justice

Question 5

what aim of punishment makes the offender give something back e.g. money or through work such as restorative justice

Answer 5

reparation

Question 6

what is rehabilitation?

Answer 6

reform the offender’s behaviour in order to stop future crime, tackling causes of crime

Question 7

what aim of punishment reforms the offender’s behaviour in order to stop future crime, tackling causes of crime

Answer 7

rehabilitation

Question 8

what is deterrence?

Answer 8

reduce crime by putting them off

Question 9

what are the two types of deterrence?

Answer 9

general and individual deterrence

Question 10

general deterrence is…

Answer 10

prevent public from committing crime

Question 11

individual deterrence is…

Answer 11

preventing an individual from committing further crime

Question 12

how many types of punishment are there?

Answer 12

4

Question 13

what are the four types of punishment?

Answer 13

discharge
fines
community service
custodial sentences

Question 14

what is discharge?

Answer 14

when someone goes through the court process because that is seen as punishment enough, can also have a conditional discharge

Question 15

when someone goes through the court process because that is seen as punishment enough, what type of punishment is this?

Answer 15

An absolute discharge, lowest level of punishment a adult offender can receive

Question 16

what are fines?

Answer 16

Financial penalties for relatively minor offences, provides deterrence against them committing repeat offences.
According to daily telegraph a quarter of a billion pounds were written off because offenders can no longer be traced.

Question 17

when someone must pay for the damage that they have done, common for lower level crimes, what type of punishment is this?

Answer 17

Reparation: paying large sim of money and/or doing unpaid work for community through community order. Increasing number of schemes to bring offender and victim together so that direct reparations can be made

Question 18

what is community service?

Answer 18

Paying back to community, can be up to 40-300 hours of unpaid work. Examples. Treatment for drugs or alcohol addictions. Bromley briefings(prison reform trust 2016): use of community services have nearly halved despite reducing 1 year reoffending rates 8.3% less than custodial.

Question 19

where someone can also be made to do unpaid work and follow certain requirements such as to have no alcohol or drugs or be banned from a certain place, what type of punishment is this?

Answer 19

Community sentence

Question 20

what are custodial sentences?

Answer 20

Take away liberties from individuals, rehab! Retribution! Public protection!

Question 21

how many types of custodial sentences are there?

Answer 21

5

Question 22

what are the five types of custodial sentences?

Answer 22

Mandatory Life sentence- serve 16 years and monitored for life.

Discretionary life sentence- changeable by judge

Indeterminate sentence- no release date for dangerous offenders, sim of protecting society. Can no longer be given since 2012.

Fixed term sentence- given sentence between 2 days and 2 years, put on licence half way through sentence and 12 months post sentence supervision

Deferred sentences- given to offenders to see how they act during time leading up to trial.