Aircraft Damage 2

Question 1

The purpose of the bulkhead in an aircraft is too contain pressures or fluids. It may also be used to disperse what?

Answer 1

Disperse concentrated loads

Question 2

Bulkheads are heavy circumferential frames which may or may not be entirely closed by a web. T/F?

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A chord (sometimes called a cap) in terms of aircraft structures is a strong member that forms what?

Answer 3

Forms the edges of beams or heavy frames

Question 4

What is a doubler and a tripler?

Answer 4

A doubler is a secondary sheet or plate that is installed in small areas subjected to high loads to provide a double thickness of materials. A tripler is the same but acts as a third sheet or plate

Question 5

What is an extrusion?

Answer 5

A part formed into a specific shape from metal that has been squeezed through a die

Question 6

What is a fairing?

Answer 6

An auxillary structural member that is shaped to provide smooth airflow

Question 7

What is a frame?

Answer 7

A circumferential component that supports the stringers and skins

Question 8

The frame is used in both monocoque and semimonocoque fuse designs. T/F?

Answer 8

False

Question 9

What is a faying surface?

Answer 9

The mating surface between two parts

Question 10

What is an intercoastal and where is it usually found?

Answer 10

An intercoastal is a stabilizing beam Usually used in between right angles to beams or bulkheads

Question 11

What is the difference between monocoque designs and semimonocoque designs?

Answer 11

Monocoque designs is where the skin is the one that bears all shear and bending stresses. Semimonocoque designs is where the stresses on the skin are transmitted to the stringers and frames

Question 12

Another function of the rib of a wing is to transmit loads to what?

Answer 12

Transmit loads from the skin to the spar

Question 13

What is the main purpose of sections in aviation?

Answer 13

They are used to ease production and handling issues

Question 14

Spars on an aircraft are the primary what?

Answer 14

Primary load bearing member of a wing

Question 15

What is the purpose of stringers in a fuselage?

Answer 15

To transmit skin loads into the frames

Question 16

What is a web? Why is it used?

Answer 16

A thin gage plate of sheet metal. When supported by stiffening angles and chords, can be used on aircraft as it provides great shear strength for its weight. In other words, it is used in several parts on an aircraft due to its good strength to weight ratio

Question 17

What are the purpose of vortex generators on aircraft?

Answer 17

A device used on wings and tail surfaces to decrease drag caused by separation of airflow

Question 18

What are some visual cues to damage in an aircraft?

Answer 18

Asymmetrical shapes, misaligned parts, dented skin

Question 19

The reason for a symmetry check issimple, we must ensure that the aircraft is

Answer 19

Still within the original design characteristics

Question 20

During symmetry checks, we take measurements from what and what else should we ensure?

Answer 20

Take measurements at specific points on the aircraft. These measurements must be within the manufacturer’s specified limits

Question 21

On small aircraft the measurements betweenpoints are usually taken using a steel tape.When measuring long distances, it is suggested that you use a what?

Answer 21

A spring scale along with the steel tape to obtain equal tension. Uneven steel tapes can indicate inaccurate readings

Question 22

Where a larger aircraft is concerned, thepositions where the dimensions are to betaken are usually chalked on the floor. This isdone with a ______ ___ hung from the propercheckpoints

Answer 22

Done with a plumb bob in which the floor beneath it is marked

Question 23

Before any work is started the area must be checked for any hazards that may cause harm to theperson working in that area. Therefore any system that may be activated and come into contact with therepair technician must be what?

Answer 23

Inoperable

Question 24

Hydraulic systems should be locked out with what?

Answer 24

Locked out with ground lock pins which are usually signed out in a log and the reason for lock out recorded.

Question 25

Any repair that will involve the removalof large portions of skin, or majorstructural components, should not bestarted until the aircraft is what?

Answer 25

Shored up with braces

Question 26

When shoring up an aircraft with braces, what must you ensure?

Answer 26

The braces must be strong enough to support the structure and not allow it to sag.

Question 27

All equipment, pipes, ducts, cables, and insulation in the damaged area should be what?

Answer 27

Should be removed if possible to prevent damage and easier access to the said area.

Question 28

Once you are comfortable with the repair documents, mark the area of damage out with a _________ ___on the structure involved. Check one more time withthe drawings to make sure that the area is what?

Answer 28

Mark out the damaged area with a grease pencil. Check one more time to make sure the area is the correct one

Question 29

Now the damage may be cut out with rough down and dirty cuts to gain access to straight and true structure. Always make sure that the cuts are made insidethe actual repair area. They can be dressed out to the proper size later. Care must be taken because the most important rule to repairing aircraft structureis what?

Answer 29

Leave as much of the original structure as possible

Question 30

As structure is removed for access to the damaged area, it is often the case that many surrounding fasteners are removed in the process. It iscommon practice to replace these fasteners with temporary fasteners to give the structure strength. These can be what?

Answer 30

Screws, bolts, or simply clecoes

Question 31

When using temporary fasteners, what should you take extreme care of?

Answer 31

Not to oversize the the fastener holes

Question 32

All parts removed should be what?

Answer 32

Should be tagged as to where they belong on the aircraft and their relation to the repair

Question 33

Removed parts can be thrown out before the aircraft leaves the hanger. T/F?

Answer 33

False, you should save them until the job is complete and throw nothing out until the aircraft leaves the hangar

Question 34

Once the damaged structure is removed and deburred and you are down to "straight metal" it is standard practice to request NDT for what purposes?

Answer 34

NDT to come in and inspect the area for undetected cracks and disbanding of the surrounding structure

Question 35

Any damage cut out to a square or rectangular shape must have what in the corners?

Answer 35

Must have a minimum half inch radius in the corners

Question 36

All parts made "in house" must also be tracked with batch and release numbers for what?

Answer 36

Batch and release numbers for all material and hardware

Question 37

All repair parts from the manufacturer will come with release and tracking tags. These must be removed from the part and kept as without the properpaperwork:

Answer 37

The parts and repair will not be considered to be airworthy

Question 38

All parts must be made of the proper material in relation to ________, __________and ______ _______ascalled out in the repair.

Answer 38

Gauge, temper and grain direction

Question 39

All parts must be made in accordance with theproper specifications such as what?

Answer 39

Rivet pitch, proper size and no. of fasteners and edge distance

Question 40

It is common practice to install all repair parts together"wet", which means what?

Answer 40

Adding a coat of sealant on all faying surfaces including fasteners. This helps combat corrosion and is mandatory in a pressurized area