AIRCRAFT STRUCTURE I M1

Question 1

The key discovery that “_____” could be created by passing air over
the top of a curved surface set the development of fixed and rotary-wing aircraft in
motion.

Answer 1

LIFT

Question 2

_______ developed an efficient cambered airfoil in the early 1800s, as
well as successful manned gliders later in that century.

Answer 2

George Cayley

Question 3

He established the principles of flight, including the existence of lift, weight, thrust, and drag.

Answer 3

George Cayley

Question 4

It was _____ who first stacked wings and created a tri-wing glider that flew a man in 1853.

Answer 4

George Cayley

Question 5

The term “_____” is often used interchangeably with the word “strain.”

Answer 5

STRESS

Question 6

External loads or forces cause _____.

Answer 6

STRESS

Question 7

____ is a material’s
internal resistance, or counterforce, that opposes deformation.

Answer 7

STRESS

Question 8

The degree of deformation of a
material is ______.

Answer 8

STRAIN

Question 9

When a material is subjected to a ________, that material is deformed,
regardless of how strong the material is or how light the load is.

Answer 9

load or force

Question 10

FIVE MAJOR STRESSES

Answer 10

1. Tension
2. Compression
3. Torsion
4. Shear
5. Bending

Question 11

is the stress that resists a force that tends to pull something apart.

Answer 11

TENSION

Question 12

pulling force transmitted axially by the means
of a string, a cable, chain, or similar one dimensional continuous object, or by each end of a rod, truss member, or similar three-dimensional object; tension might also be described as the
action-reaction pair of forces acting at each end of said elements.

Answer 12

TENSION

Question 13

could be the
opposite of compression.

Answer 13

TENSION

Question 14

is the stress that resists a crushing force.

Answer 14

COMPRESSION

Question 15

The compressive strength of a material is also measured in ____.

Answer 15

PSI

Question 16

is the stress that tends to shorten or squeeze
aircraft parts.

Answer 16

COMPRESSION

Question 17

_________ stress is a force that causes a material to deform to occupy a smaller volume.

Answer 17

Compressive

Question 18

stress that produces twisting. While moving the aircraft forward, the
engine also tends to twist it to one side, but other aircraft components hold it on course.

Answer 18

TORSION

Question 19

The ______ strength of a material is its resistance to twisting or torque.

Answer 19

TORSION

Question 20

is the stress that resists the force tending to cause one layer of a material to slide over an adjacent layer.

Answer 20

SHEAR

Question 21

Two riveted plates in tension subject the rivets to a ________ force.

Answer 21

SHEARING

Question 22

the ________ strength of a material is either equal to or less than its tensile or
compressive strength.

Answer 22

SHEARING

Question 23

Aircraft parts, especially screws, bolts, and rivets, are often subject to a
_____ force.

Answer 23

SHEARING

Question 24

______ stress may occur in solids or liquids; in the latter it is related to fluid
viscosity.

Answer 24

SHEAR

Question 25

_____ stress is a combination of compression and tension.

Answer 25

BENDING

Question 26

In applied mechanics, ________ (also known as flexure) characterizes the behavior of a
slender structural element subjected to an external load applied perpendicularly to a
longitudinal axis of the element.

Answer 26

BENDING

Question 27

The airframe of a fixed-wing aircraft consists of the following five major
units:

Answer 27

 Wings
 Fuselage
 Stabilizers
 Flight control surfaces
 Landing gear

Question 28

A rotary-wing aircraft consists of the following four major units:

Answer 28

 Fuselage
 Landing gear
 Main rotor assembly
 Tail rotor assembly

Question 29

The primary factors to consider in
aircraft structures are ______, _____, and ______.

Answer 29

strength, weight, and reliability

Question 30

An aircraft ________ must be strong and light in weight.

Answer 30

AIRFRAME

Question 31

All materials used to construct an aircraft must be ______.

Answer 31

RELIABLE

Question 32

_________ minimizes the
possibility of dangerous and unexpected failures.

Answer 32

RELIABILITY

Question 33

The _______ absorbs the forces imposed on the aircraft by takeoffs and
landings.

Answer 33

LANDING GEAR

Question 34

During flight, any maneuver that causes acceleration or deceleration increases the
forces and stresses on the _____ and ______.

Answer 34

wings and fuselage

Question 35

The _______ absorbs the same stresses and transmits them to the
fuselage.

Answer 35

empennage (tail section)

Question 36

the study of loads is called a ____________

Answer 36

stress analysis

Question 37

_____ are analyzed and considered when an aircraft is designed.

Answer 37

STRESSES

Question 38

_____ is defined as
pull.

Answer 38

TENSION

Question 39

It is the stress of stretching an object or pulling at its ends.

Answer 39

TENSION

Question 40

forces acting on an aircraft move toward
each other to squeeze the material,

Answer 40

COMPRESSION

Question 41

__________ is the resistance to crushing produced by two forces pushing toward each other
in the same straight line.

Answer 41

COMPRESSION

Question 42

cutting a piece of paper with scissors
is an example of a ______ action

Answer 42

SHEARING

Question 43

stress exerted when two
pieces of fastened material tend to separate.

Answer 43

SHEAR