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PPL - AGK > Airframe > Flashcards

Airframe Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of Direct Flight Controls?

A

Pilot controls directly

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2
Q

What is the definition of Power Assisted flight controls?

A

Includes hydraulic control assistance

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3
Q

What is the definition of Fly-by-Wire?

A

Pilot input interpreted by computer
Checked against flight envelope

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4
Q

What 3 devices are considered Primary Controls?

A
  1. Elevator
  2. Aileron
  3. Rudder
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5
Q

What 3 devices are considered Secondary Controls?

A
  1. Flaps
  2. Leading edge devices
  3. Trim Tabs
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6
Q

Name the 5 types of airframe stresses?

A
  1. Tension
  2. Compression
  3. Torsion
  4. Shear
  5. Bending
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7
Q

What is meant by Fail Safe?

A

Where a structure is designed with multiple parallel load paths and redundant components

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8
Q

What is meant by Safe Life?

A

Where the structure is designed for a given set number of hours or cycles before replacement is required

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9
Q

What is meant by Damage Tolerant?

A

If there is no specified life, but frequent inspections are required.

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10
Q

What is Monocoque construction?

A

Name given to airframe construction with no internal bracing members, only formers and skin

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11
Q

What is Semi-Monocoque construction?

A

Name given to airframe construction which uses stringers as well as formers and skin

REMEMBER: STRINGER = Semi

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12
Q

What is a firewall?

A

the name is given to the airframe element that separates the engine compartment from the people compartment

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13
Q

What are the 7 main components of wing construction?

A
  1. Spar
  2. Ribs
  3. Stringers
  4. Skin
  5. Aileron
  6. Flaps
  7. Leading Edge
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14
Q

What are the 4 main components of the tail construction?

A
  1. Vertical Stabiliser (Fin)
  2. Rudder
  3. Horizontal Stabiliser
  4. Elevator
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15
Q

What are the 3 types of conventional trim methods used?

F S S

A
  1. Fixed Trim
  2. Simple Trim
  3. Spring Loaded Trim
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16
Q

Demonstrate the stress type TENSION

A

Pulling on both ends

REVIEW HERE

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17
Q

Demonstrate the stress type COMPRESSION

A

Pushing on both ends

REVIEW HERE

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18
Q

Demonstrate the stress type TORSION

A

Twisting in opposite directions on both ends

REVIEW HERE

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19
Q

Demonstrate the stress type SHEAR

A

Rivets holding 2 plates together, being pulled apart

REVIEW HERE

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20
Q

Demonstrate the stress type BENDING

A

Bending around the middle from both ends
Tension on the OUTSIDE
Compression on the INSIDE

REVIEW HERE

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21
Q

What are the 3 measurements of strain

A
  1. Elastic Limit
  2. Yield Point
  3. Ultimate load

Elastic Limit
Limit of distortion at which structure returns to its original shape and dimensions
Yield Point
Point at which deformaton becomes permanent
Ultimate Load
Load at which failure of structure occurs

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22
Q

Fatigue life can be given in 2 measures, which are

A
  1. Hours
  2. Flight Cycles
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23
Q

On the ground, the main wing spar bends which way

A

DOWNWARDS
Supports weight of the wings

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24
Q

In the air, the main wing spar bends which way

A

UPWARDS
Supports the weight of the aircraft

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25
What kind of body construction uses only formers and skin
MONOCOQUE
26
What kind of body construction uses stringers as well as formers and skin
SEMI MONOCOQUE ## Footnote REMEMBER: **S**emi = **S**tringer
27
A conventional tailplane is made up of which 2 parts
1. Stabiliser 2. Elevator
28
An all flying tailplane is known as what
STABILATOR
29
What is one of the most significant purposes of every aircraft having a trim tab ## Footnote A benefit to the pilot
RELIEVE PRESSURE | Relieve pilot having to hold controls
30
On more complex aircraft, why is the wind shield heated
WITHSTAND IMPACTS | Birdstrikes
31
What is the primary purpose of the "power plant"
POWER FOR THRUST
32
What are the 3 secondary purposes of the "power plant"
1. Electrical charging 2. Suction 3. Heat for crew
33
What are 2 purposes of the engine cowling
1. Encloses the engine 2. Forces air around the cylinders
34
What are the 3 types of common fuel tanks
1. Integral 2. Bladder 3. Wet Wing
35
# What type of fuel tank is defined below SEPARATE COMPARTMENT
INTEGRAL FUEL TANK | Tank secure to the airframe
36
# What type of fuel tank is defined below RUBBER or PLASTIC FLEXIBLE TANK
BLADDER FUEL TANK
37
# What type of fuel tank is defined below WING STRUCTURE MADE FUEL TIGHT
WET WING TANK
38
Typically, on a CESSNA how is fuel supplied to the engine
GRAVITY FED
39
Typically, on a PA28, how is fuel supplied to the engine
FUEL PUMP
40
The name of the device fitted within fuel tanks to prevent fuel moving about freely
BAFFLES
41
What is the purpose of a baffle in the fuel tank
Prevent "sloshing" around / free momentum of fuel
42
What are the 2 types of undercarriage
1. FIXED 2. RETRACTABLE
43
What are the 2 undercarriage configurations
1. Tricycle 2. Tail Wheel
44
What type of gas is typically use within an Oleo undercarriage
NITROGEN
45
What is the purpose of the Nitrogen and oil within an Oleo undercarriage
SHOCK ABSORBERS
46
What is the purpose of the torque link
Keeps wheel pointing in the correct direction
47
What are the 4 methods of Nose wheel steering linkage
1. Rods 2. Interlocking 3. Permanent 4. Springs ## Footnote Nose Wheel RIPS
48
What is a shimmy damper
Shock absorber helping counteract nose wheel shimmy
49
What is the main cause of nose wheel shimmy
TORQUE LINK FAILURE
50
What are 4 factors that can cause nose wheel shimmy besides torque link failure
1. Wear 2. Bearings 3. Damper Fluid 4. Pressure | Wear Bear Fluid Pressure ## Footnote 1. Tyre pressure 2. Tyre wear 3. Shimmy damper fluid low 4. Worn Bearings
51
What are 3 tactics used to alleviate or stop shimmy
1. Decrease nose wheel load (full up elevator) 2. Ease off braking 3. Full down elevator
52
What are 4 unacceptable conditions of a tyre when performing inspections
1. Bare Cord 2. Tyre Wall Damage 3. Flat Spots 4. Creep marks unaligned | The Creepy Bear lays Flat on the Wall ## Footnote Worn tyres should not be used
53
If tyre pressure is too high, where will the tyre wear first
CENTRE
54
If tyre pressure is too low, where will the tyre wear first
SHOULDERS
55
Aquaplaning speeds will be HIGHER or LOWER in the following situations; 1. LOW tyre pressure 2. HIGH tyre pressure
1. LOWER aquaplaning speed 2. HIGHER aquaplaning speed
56
What is the scientific definition of the theory behind braking
Kinetic energy (movement) converted into heat energy
57
2 types of brakes
1. Drum 2. Disc
58
How does a drum brake work
Piston pushes against drum inner surface This presses to rotating wheel to slow it down
59
How does a disc brake work
Rotating disc is "gripped" between 2 friction pads
60
When a brake is operated, what are the 3 methods of the braking action being transferred to the brake disc or drum?
1. Hydraulic 2. Compressed air 3. Cable/Rod
61
What are the 2 locking mechanism methods for parking brakes
1. Hydraulic 2. Mechanical
62
What is a risk to an aircraft tyre covered with a spat | Spat is an aerodynamic wheel cowling
MUD AND GRASS collects easily inside of the spat
63
What is the name given to a fillet on the fuselage that helps assisting with spin recovery
STRAKE
64
Name of device used to dissipate static electricity
STATIC WICK
65
Where are static wicks typicall located
TRAILING EDGE OF CONTROL SURFACES
66
A method of ensuring the whole aircraft is seen as a single item to help prevent static arching and charge build up
ELECTRICAL BONDING

PPL - AGK (20 decks)

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