Airframes, Engines, and Aircraft systems

Question 1

What will happen to a piston-powered aircraft if the main electrical system fails?
1. The engine will produce less power but keep running
2 .The engine will continue to operate because the magnetos are a separate system.
3. The propeller will windmill and provide vacuum power for the gyros.
4. The engine will fail when battery power is depleted.

Answer 1

The engine will continue to operate because the magnetos are a separate system

Question 2

Carburetor heat is normally applied

1. During high power operations.
2. Before reducing power.
3. When on the ground while taxiing.
4. When flying in cloud.

Answer 2

Before reducing power

Question 3

Hot, high, and humid conditions have the effect of

1. Reducing the engine power output.
2. Increasing the amount of fuel burned per hour.
3. Improving propeller efficiency.
4. Creating a lower density altitude.

Answer 3

Reducing engine power output

Question 4

Abnormally high cylinder head temperature is an indication of the engine being

1. Overloaded and can cause detonation and pre-ignition.
2. Underloaded and can cause detonation or pre-ignition.
3. Sufficiently cooled.
4. None of the above.

Answer 4

Overloaded and can cause detonation and pre-ignition

Question 5

One difference between the turbocharger and the supercharger is that the

1. Turbocharger is driven by exhaust gases that would otherwise be wasted.
2. Supercharger is driven electricity.
3. Turbocharger does not require maintenance.
4. Supercharger is not affected by changes in altitude.

Answer 5

Turbocharger is driven by exhaust gases that would otherwise be wasted

Question 6

The primary disadvantage of the supercharger is that it

1. Is more expensive to run than the turbocharger.
2. Is more maintenance intensive than the turbocharger.
3. Takes noticeable power away from the engine to run it.
4. Compresses the fuel and air mixture before entering the engine.

Answer 6

Takes noticeable power away from the engine to run

Question 7

During which stroke is a vacuum developed in the cylinder?

1. Exhaust
2. Intake
3. Compression
4. Power

Answer 7

Intake

Question 8

If you smell exhaust in the cockpit while flying, it is best to

1. Fly to the nearest airport to investigate.
2. Turn OFF cabin heat and ventilate the cabin for fresh air.
3. Turn OFF the engine and make a forced approach.
4. Turn OFF the electronics and plan for a precautionary landing.

Answer 8

Turn OFF cabin heat and ventilate the cabin for fresh air

Question 9

What is the ratio of air to fuel for best power?

1: 14
15: 1
1: 15
14: 1

Answer 9

14:1 (note asks for air to fuel, instead of fuel to air)

Question 10

What would happen if a magneto ground wire or P-lead failed?

1. The engine will continue to run.
2. The engine will continue to run and remain live even after aircraft shutdown.
3. The engine will not start.
4. The engine would run rough during flight.

Answer 10

The engine would continue to run and remain live even after aircraft shutdown

Question 11

Which statement regarding the operation of the waste gate is false?

1. The waste gate regulates the speed of the turbocharger.
2. When the waste gate is closed the engine is turbocharged.
3. When the waste gate is closed the exhaust gases bypass the turbine.
4. The waste gate regulates the amount of exhaust gas directed to the turbine.

Answer 11

When the waste gate is closed the exhaust gases bypass the turbine

Question 12

The most basic form of turbine engine is the

1. Turboprop.
2. Turbojet
3. Rocket jet.
4. Turbofan.

Answer 12

Turbojet

Question 13

In a turbojet engine large amounts of outside air are continuously brought in through the

1. Turbine.
2. Compressor.
3. Inlet.
4. Nozzle.

Answer 13

Inlet

Question 14

The two main parts of a turboprop is the

1. Gear box and the core engine.
2. Propeller and the compressor.
3. Drive turbine and the inlet.
4. Core engine and the propeller.

Answer 14

Core engine and the propeller

Question 15

The bypass ratio of a turbofan engine is the ratio of air flowing around the

1. Turbine to the air that goes around the engine.
2. Turbine to the air that goes around the core.
3. Variable stator vanes to the air that goes around the core.
4. Engine to the air that goes through the core.

Answer 15

Engine to the air that goes through the core

Question 16

The turboshaft engine is similar to the

1. Turboprop engine.
2. Turbojet engine.
3. Diesel engine.
4. Turbofan engine.

Answer 16

Turboprop engine

Question 17

Which statement regarding the operation of a turbojet engine is incorrect?

1. The exit velocity is greater than the free stream velocity, producing thrust.
2. The exit velocity of the by-pass air is less than the free stream velocity, producing thrust.
3. The energy extracted by the turbine is used to turn the compressor.
4. Instead of needing energy to turn the blades, the turbine extracts energy from the flow of hot air exhausting from the engine by the turbine blades spinning in the exhaust air.

Answer 17

The exit velocity of the by-pass air is less than the free stream velocity producing thrust

Question 18

The compressor of the turbojet acts like many rows of

1. Nozzles.
2. Fans.
3. Airfoils.
4. Compressor fans.

Answer 18

Airfoils

Question 19

In a typical jet engine . . . . . lb of air per second is combined with only . . . . . lb of fuel per second.
100, 5
200, 2
1 000, 2
100, 2

Answer 19

100, 2

Question 20

In the turboprop engine most of the energy created by the

1. Free stream is used to turn the compressor turbine.
2. Driveshaft is used to turn the power turbine.
3. Compressor is used to turn the compressor turbine.
4. Exhaust is used to turn the power turbine.

Answer 20

Exhaust is used to turn the power turbine

Question 21

Fine pitch is used for

1. Cruise.
2. Takeoff and climb.
3. Eliminating propeller drag.
4. Neutral thrust.

Answer 21

Takeoff and climb

Question 22

For cruise the pilot would set the propeller to

1. Beta.
2. Feather.
3. Fine.
4. Coarse.

Answer 22

Coarse

Question 23

If not repaired a nick on a propeller blade could lead to

1. Damage to the engine.
2. Vibration and roughness.
3. Snow or ice accumulation.
4. Cracks developing.

Answer 23

Cracks developing

Question 24

Propeller RPM is controlled by

1. Varying the propeller blade angle.
2. The autopilot.
3. The alternator.
4. Airspeed and engine power setting.

Answer 24

Varying the propeller blade angle

Question 25

What force applies to tail wheel airplanes when they lift their tail off the runway during takeoff ? 1. P-Factor 2. Gyroscopic precession 3. Slipstream 4. Torque

Answer 25

Gyroscopic precession

Question 26

The difference between geometric pitch and effective pitch is 1. applicable to fixed-pitch propellers 2. propeller slip 3. propeller torque 4. propeller efficiency

Answer 26

propeller slip

Question 27

The ratio of thrust horsepower to brake horsepower is 1. Geometric pitch 2. Propeller slip 3. Propeller efficiency 4. Effective pitch

Answer 27

Propeller efficiency

Question 28

To counteract windmilling propeller the pilot would 1. Feather the propeller 2. Lean the mixture 3. Set coarse pitch 4. Set Fine pitch

Answer 28

Feather the propeller

Question 29

Torque from the spinning propeller results in 1. Asymmetric thrust 2. A turning tendency 3. P-Factor 4. Gyroscopic precession

Answer 29

A turning tendency

Question 30

While within the governing range, any changes in engine power and or airspeed the governor will 1. Maintain a steady RPM if a constant-speed propeller system is used. 2. Cause changes in RPM even when a constant-speed propeller system is used. 3. Cause changes in RPM regardless whether fixed-pitch or constant-speed propeller system is being used. 4. Maintain a steady RPM if a fixed-pitch propeller system is used.

Answer 30

Maintain Steady RPM if a constant-speed propeller is used

Question 31

Which statement is correct regarding blade pitch? 1. Small blade angles load the engine and increase RPM. 2. Small blade angles unload the engine and decrease RPM. 3. Large blade angles unload the engine and increase RPM. 4. Large blade angles load the engine and decrease RPM.

Answer 31

Large blade angles load the engine and decrease RPM

Question 32

Coarse pitch also means 1. High pitch. 2. Flat pitch. 3. Fine pitch. 4. Beta pitch.

Answer 32

High Pitch

Question 33

What drives the propeller blades of a full-feathering system towards coarse pitch? 1. Counterweights and internal springs 2. Oil pressure to the hub 3. Aerodynamic forces 4. Oil pressure to the hub and aerodynamic forces

Answer 33

Counterweights and internal springs

Question 34

Oil pressure boosted by the governor has the purpose of moving the propeller towards 1. Feathered position in a single-engine aeroplanes. 2. Coarse pitch in a multi-engine aeroplanes. 3. Coarse pitch in a single-engine aeroplanes. 4. Fine pitch in a single-engine aeroplanes.

Answer 34

Coarse pitch in single-engine aeroplanes

Question 35

As the oil pressure drops on a constant-speed non-feathering system the governor would make the propeller 1. Feather automatically. 2. Remain fixed in the pitch position. 3. Full fine. 4. Pitch not be affected by boasting the oil pressure.

Answer 35

Full fine

Question 36

What happens to a centrifugal counterweight and springs propeller system when the engine quits during flight? 1. Centrifugal latch pins lock the blades in a fine pitch position. 2. Blades move towards a fine pitch position automatically to reduce drag. 3. Blades move towards the selected propeller RPM by becoming more coarse. 4. Blades move towards the selected propeller RPM by becoming more fine.

Answer 36

Blades move towards the selected propeller RPM by becoming more fine

Question 37

What drives the governor? 1. Vacuum 2. Engine 3. Electrically 4. Exhaust

Answer 37

Engine

Question 38

After startup a twin-engine aeroplane's oil pressure 1. rises moving the propeller into fine pitch. 2. drops moving the propeller into the feathered position. 3. rises moving the propeller into coarse pitch. 4. is too low to change the propeller pitch.

Answer 38

Rises moving the propeller into fine pitch

Question 39

During takeoff in a constant-speed aeroplane the propeller blades initially move towards 1. feathered for least drag. 2. medium coarse for the best compromise. 3. full fine for maximum power. 4. coarse for maximum power.

Answer 39

Full fine for maximum power

Question 40

Which aeroplane operation would move the propeller pitch towards the high pitch stop? 1. Startup 2. Takeoff roll 3. High speed descent 4. Low speed climb

Answer 40

High speed descent

Question 41

During an engine failure in a twin-engine aeroplane the . . . . . gauge is best show which engine has failed. 1. oil pressure gauge and oil temperature 2. RPM 3. manifold pressure 4. EGT

Answer 41

EGT

Question 42

When a constant-speed propeller aeroplane is accelerated during the takeoff the blades go from . . . . . pitch to a . . . . . pitch. 1. coarse, feathered 2. feathered, coarser 3. full coarse, finer 4. full fine, coarser

Answer 42

full fine, coarser

Question 43

Manifold pressure is a measurement of the 1. intake air temperature. 2. fuel/air ratio pressure. 3. exhaust air pressure. 4. fuel pressure.

Answer 43

Fuel/air ratio pressure

Question 44

In a normally aspirated engine takeoff manifold pressure at full throttle is expected to be 1. equal to static manifold pressure. 2. slightly more than static manifold pressure. 3. slightly less than static manifold pressure. 4. an inch more than static manifold pressure.

Answer 44

Slightly less than static manifold pressure

Question 45

From before engine start to idle RPM manifold pressure is expected to 1. rise. 2. remain around the same. 3. have no trend. 4. drop.

Answer 45

Drop

Question 46

The manifold pressure gauge, while the aircraft is parked at 5 000 feet ASL with the engine(s) OFF in standard atmosphere, would read 1. near 5 in Hg. 2. 29.92 in Hg. 3. near 10 in Hg. 4. 24.92 in Hg.

Answer 46

24.92 in Hg

Question 47

When an engine fails in flight the manifold gauge is expected to indicate 1. an immediate and large drop in manifold pressure. 2. an immediate and large increase in manifold pressure. 3. no significant change at first unless the throttle is moved. 4. none of the above.

Answer 47

No significant change at first unless the throttle is moved

Question 48

What effect will reducing RPM have on manifold pressure during cruise flight? 1. Cause a drop 2. Cause a rise 3. No predictable nature 4. Will remain unchanged

Answer 48

Cause a rise

Question 49

What effect will increasing RPM have on manifold pressure during cruise flight? 1. Cause a drop 2. No predictable nature 3. Remain unchanged 4. Cause a rise

Answer 49

Cause a drop

Question 50

The . . . . . prevents stumbling when the throttle is opened to develop maximum horse power. 1. economizer valve 2. turbocharger 3. accelerator pump 4. atomizer

Answer 50

Accelerator pump

Question 51

Conditions which can lead to carburetor icing are 1. temperature range of -13°C to +38°C with high humidity. 2. fog, hail, or snow, and temperatures near 0°C. 3. visible moisture in the atmosphere. 4. dry air and temperatures near 0°C.

Answer 51

Temperature range of -13°C to +38°C with high humidity.

Question 52

What indication may be a signal that your aircraft has carburetor ice? 1. A rapid decrease in exhaust gas temperature. 2. Engine roughness at certain RPM ranges or manifold pressures. 3. A slow increase in RPM or manifold pressure. 4. A gradual decrease in RPM or manifold pressure.

Answer 52

A gradual decrease in RPM or manifold pressure

Question 53

Use of the carburetor heat while taxiing 1. could cause dust and contaminants to enter the engine. 2. prevents fowling of the spark plugs. 3. decreases the engine's warm-up time. 4. tests the system.

Answer 53

Could cause dust and contaminants to enter the engine

Question 54

The engine begins to run roughly after applying carburetor heat. What does this indicate and what should you do? 1. There is carburetor ice and it is melting. Continue with carburetor heat until the roughness is gone. 2. A malfunction in the ignition system. Turn OFF the carburetor heat and select one mag only. 3. This is normal whenever carburetor heat is used. No action is necessary. 4. Induction icing is present. Lean the mixture.

Answer 54

There is carburetor ice and it is melting. Continue with carburetor heat until the roughness is gone.

Question 55

Which is true when referring to induction system icing? 1. Impact icing affects only engines with carburetors. 2. Throttle ice forms in the induction system of a fuel injection engine. 3. Impact ice can form on both carburetor and fuel injected engines. 4. Fuel ice only forms in fuel injected engines.

Answer 55

Impact ice can form on both carburetor and fuel injected engines

Question 56

Fuel injection can be more efficient than a carburetor because 1. there is no need for a heavy heating system. 2. only a low pressure fuel pump is required. 3. fuel injection provides a more uniform flow to the cylinders. 4. exhaust is not diverted into the induction system.

Answer 56

fuel injection provides a more uniform flow to the cylinders

Question 57

Carburetor heat is not needed for a fuel injection system because 1. there is higher speed of air entering the engine, warming it sufficiently. 2. the alternate air system compensates for lack of heating. 3. the injection system has no throttle plate. 4. there is no venturi and associated temperature drop.

Answer 57

There is no venturi and associated temperature drop

Question 58

One advantage that fuel injection has over a carburetor is 1. much easier to start when the engine hot. 2. easier cold weather starting. 3. no need for an air filter. 4. not being subject to throttle plate icing.

Answer 58

Easier cold weather starting

Question 59

If impact icing is suspected, the correct action by the pilot of a fuel injected aircraft would be 1. alternate air ON. 2. carburetor heat OFF. 3. induction heat ON. 4. carburetor heat ON.

Answer 59

Alternate air on

Question 60

What kind of icing are fuel injected engines subject to? Select one: 1. Throttle and induction icing 2. Venturi and throttle icing 3. Air filter icing only 4. Injector nozzle icing and induction icing

Answer 60

Throttle and induction icing

Question 61

One advantage of an alternator over a generator is Select one: 1. an alternator can produce sufficient power at low RPM. 2. that alternators do not need a current conversion to work with the electrical system. 3. that alternators can also power the magnetos. 4. an alternator can be used on both piston and turbine engines.

Answer 61

An alternator can produce sufficient power at low RPM

Question 62

What action should be taken if a circuit breaker is tripped? 1. Never reset the breaker unless the ammeter shows a discharge. 2. The aircraft should not be flown and if in flight land immediately. 3. Reset the breaker as many times as necessary. 4. Reset the breaker once only as repeated tripping is a sign of a more serious problem.

Answer 62

Reset the breaker once only as repeated tripping is a sign of a more serious problem

Question 63

What is the purpose of a load meter? 1. Indicates whether the alternator is producing power. 2. Indicates the battery's state of charge. 3. Indicates the battery's remaining life in minutes. 4. Indicates the total current draw on the electrical system.

Answer 63

Indicates the total current draw on the electrical system

Question 64

What will happen if both sides of the master switch is turned OFF while during a flight? 1. The battery will continue supplying power. 2. The battery will be discharging because the alternator is no longer working. 3. The electrical system will be deactivated but the engine will continue to run. 4. The alternator will stop producing power and the engine will stop.

Answer 64

The electrical system will be deactivated but the engine will continue to run.

Question 65

Why are circuit breakers or fuses installed in an aircraft? 1. To regulate the generator output. 2. To provide overload protection for electrical circuits. 3. For the purpose of allowing a circuit to be disabled intentionally. 4. To convert alternating current from the alternator to direct current.

Answer 65

To provide overload protection for electrical circuits

Question 66

What are the purposes of lubrication? 1. Cooling, sealing, lubricating, and cleaning. 2. Cooling, sealing, vibration damping, and filtration. 3. Fuel flow management and cooling. 4. Sealing, lubricating, and power management.

Answer 66

Cooling, sealing, lubricating, and cleaning

Question 67

What does viscosity mean in relation to lubricating oil? Select one: 1. Shows how well an oil can disperse contaminants. 2. Refers to the resistance of oil to flow. 3. An expression of the ability of oil to be filtered. 4. A measure of the amount of synthetic oil used in the blend.

Answer 67

Refers to the resistance of oil to flow

Question 68

Non-detergent oil is used for Select one: 1. older engines which are nearing overhaul. 2. new engines during the break-in period. 3. normal use, after an engine has been broken-in. 4. only turbine engines.

Answer 68

New engines during the break-in period

Question 69

What is the main difference between wet sump and dry sump lubrication? Select one: 1. Wet sump is only used on older engines. 2. Dry sump does not use a pump to distribute oil. 3. Wet sump uses a separate tank of oil rather than storing oil in the crankcase. 4. Wet sump contains the oil in the crankcase while dry sump uses an external tank.

Answer 69

Wet sump contains the oil in the crankcase while dry sump uses an external tank

Question 70

The purpose of a vent in the lubricating system is to Select one: 1. allow the oil to be drained during oil changes. 2. provide a means of adding new oil. 3. allow fuel vapors to escape. 4. prevent too much pressure if the system is overfilled.

Answer 70

Prevent too much pressure if the system is overfilled

Question 71

With 100/130 octane rated avgas the number 100 means the Select one: 1. maximum compression ratio allowed. 2. amount of heptane in the fuel. The other number refers to its octane. 3. fuel's lean octane rating. 4. boiling point of the fuel under standard conditions.

Answer 71

Fuel's lean octane rating

Question 72

``` Do all types of fuel have FSII? Select one: 1. All Jet A-1 fuel will. 2. It varies depending on the FBO. 3. All Avgas 100LL fuel will. 4. All Jet A fuel will. ```

Answer 72

It varies depending on the FBO

Question 73

The purpose for grounding during fueling operations is to Select one: 1. allow different components to pass electrical charges. 2. prevent a static discharge and possible fire. 3. energize the fuel pumps to assist in fuel transfer. 4. prevent overfilling the tanks and a subsequent spill.

Answer 73

Prevent a static discharge and possible fire

Question 74

Why do low wing aircraft require fuel pumps? Select one: 1. Low wing aircraft have an aft centre of gravity requiring the fuel to flow against gravity. 2. Low wing aircraft usually have smaller fuel tanks than high wing aircraft. 3. The fuel tank location does not have gravity to assist in feeding fuel to the engine. 4. High wing aircraft use rubber bladders which do not require a pump.

Answer 74

The fuel tank location does not have gravity to assist in feeding fuel to the engine

Question 75

The most commonly recommended practice for preventing condensation in the fuel tanks is to 1. fill each fuel tank after every flight. 2. strain all fuel as it is put into the tanks. 3. install a quick drain gascolator. 4. drain a pint of fuel from the tank sumps each night.

Answer 75

Fill each fuel tank after every flight

Question 76

How should you identify and confirm the fuel in a drum before fueling? 1. by the color of the drum. 2. by the label on the drum. 3. by the weight of the drum. 4. by the appearance and odour of the fuel.

Answer 76

By the appearance odour of the fuel

Question 77

Hot fueling from drums should be done only: 1. under controlled conditions in compliance with CAR 602.09 2. during an emergency. 3. if it is approved in the Company Operations Manual. 4. All of the above.

Answer 77

All of the above

Question 78

What is the major hazard in fueling from a drum during winter operations? 1. Dry winter air and blowing snow builds up more static energy on the aircraft body. 2. Risk of frostbite. 3. Risk of hypothermia. 4. Risk of falling on the ice.

Answer 78

Dry winter air and blowing snow builds up more static energy on the aircraft body

Question 79

Identify the proper sequence of grounding. ``` Drum to pump Pump to aircraft Drum to ground. Nozzle to aircraft. Aircraft to ground. ``` 5, 1, 2, 4 3, 1, 2, 4 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 2, 4, 5

Answer 79

3, 1, 2, 4

Question 80

Increased pumping pressure with a go-no-go filter indicates presence of water in the fuel. Select one: True False

Answer 80

True

Question 81

A vacuum pump is used for 1. drawing air through the venturi. 2. powering gyro instruments. 3. regulating cabin pressure. 4. returning excess oxygen to the oxygen tanks.

Answer 81

Powering gyro instruments

Question 82

How is cabin heat usually provided in a single-engine piston powered aircraft? 1. By routing outside air over a shroud attached to the exhaust system. 2. By using bleed air from the high pressure turbine. 3. By an electrical heater. 4. Through an outlet valve on the turbocharger or supercharger.

Answer 82

By routing outside air over a shroud attached to the exhaust system

Question 83

What is the difference between a de-icing or an anti-icing system? 1. Anti-icing systems cannot be used during takeoff, while de-icing systems can be. 2. Anti-icing systems are only used once ice has been built up. 3. De-icing systems can ony be used on jets due to their high power demands. 4. De-icing systems are used when ice is already present.

Answer 83

De-icing systems are used when ice is already present

Question 84

What is the difference between the demand and the constant-flow oxygen system? Select one: 1. Constant-flow systems can only be used on propeller aeroplanes and not on jet aeroplanes. 2. Demand systems are usually used on commercial aircraft as the drop down mask. 3. Constant-flow systems do not waste as much oxygen. 4. Demand systems only provide oxygen when inhaled.

Answer 84

Demand systems provide oxygen only when inhaled

Question 85

The purpose of an outflow valve is to Select one: 1. regulate the flow of oxygen to the mask. 2. allow fuel transfer between tanks to be automated. 3. balance vacuum pressure for an aircraft with multiple vacuum pumps. 4. regulate cabin pressure.

Answer 85

Regulate cabin pressure