airway

Question 1

respiration

Answer 1

providing oxygen to the body and removing carbon dioxide through nhalation and exhalation

Question 2

respiratory epithelium?

Answer 2

pseudostratified, ciliated, columnar

with goblet cells that secrete mucos

Question 3

deviated septum

Answer 3

sinus drainage may be comprimsed

Question 4

olfactory epithelium?

Answer 4

these are restricted to the roof and adjacent lateral wall of of the nasal vavity

they are for smell

Question 5

superior, middle, inferior conchae function?

Answer 5

• provide turbulance
• increase the surface area for air flow
• heat exchange

Question 6

nasolacrimal duct

Answer 6

enters the nasal cavity to drain tears from the conjunctiva of the eye.

THIS IS WHY YOU BLOW YOUR NOSE WHEN YOU CRY!

Question 7

the anastamoses within the nose is branches of what arteries?

Answer 7

external carotids and internal carotids.

Question 8

nasopharynx

Answer 8

transports air

Question 9

oropharynx

Answer 9

transports air, food and fluid
(they must be seperated)

Question 10

what direction does air, fluid and water go after the oropharynx?

Answer 10

• food and fluid = laryngopharynx
• air = larynx

Question 11

why would the laryngeal diameter be altered?

larynx

Answer 11

• to allow the passage of air
• control air flow for speech and raising intra-abdominal pressure.

Question 12

where is the site of emergency access to the airway?

Answer 12

cricothyroid membrane

Question 13

aryepiglottic fold

epiglotic fold

Answer 13

upper edge of the quadrangular membrane

Question 14

vestibular fold

Answer 14

lower edge of the quadragular membrane

Question 15

vocal fold

Answer 15

upper edge of the cricothyroid membrane.

Question 16

epiglotic fold?

Answer 16

• this will open to breathe
• when we swallow it is closed preventing food and fluid moving into the larynx into the lungs

PROTECTIVE SPHINCTER

Question 17

saccule

Answer 17

these are mucosal glands which help to lubricate the vocal folds

within the larynx

Question 18

function of the vocal folds?

Answer 18

• control laryngeal diameter for: speech, coughing, sneezing and raising intra abdominal pressure

Question 19

what is the opening of the larynx called?

Answer 19

rima glottidis

Question 20

trachae

Answer 20

C shaped rings of hyaline cartilage supporting a fibro elastic and muscular air transport tube.

Question 21

where does the trachae begin and end

Answer 21

C6 to T4/5

STERNAL ANGLE

Question 22

what muscles alter tracheal diameter

Answer 22

trachealis muscle

Question 23

what is the purpose of the 2 seperate blood supplies to the lungs?

Answer 23

pulmonary = for gas exchange
bronchiol = keeps the lungs alive

Question 24

how do you get from bronchi to alveoli?

Answer 24

bronchi… conducting bronchioles… terminal bronchioles… respiratory bronchioles… alevioli.

Question 25

what happens in asthma?

Answer 25

the smooth muscle in the wall may excessivly narrow the lumen

Question 26

in the terminal and respiratory bronchioles, what does the epithelium become?

Answer 26

it becomes non ciliated cuboidal and the goblet cells dissapear.

Question 27

where does gas exchnage begin?

Answer 27

in the respiratory alveoli that bud from the respiratory bronchi.

Question 28

what is the air blood barrier for gas exchange?

Answer 28

the septae | this seperates the alveoli

Question 29

what passes through the hulum of the lung?

Answer 29

- main bronchus - pulomary artery - pulmonary vein

Question 30

why is the right lung wider and shorter than the left?

Answer 30

because the diaphagm is higher on the right than the left.

Question 31

function of the internal intercostal muscles?

Answer 31

the depress the ribs, pulling them inferiorly, deep exhalation

Question 32

function of the external intercostal muscles?

Answer 32

they elevate and lift the ribs, deep inhalation

Question 33

motor and sensory suppky to the diaphragm?

Answer 33

phrenic nerve | C3, 4, 5

Question 34

what does the diaphragm do during inspiration?

Answer 34

the domes descend causing negative intrathoracic pressure but rasing intra abdominal pressure.

Question 35

pneumothorax

Answer 35

when air enters the pleural cavity (collapsed lung)

Question 36

What are the divisions between the main bronchus called?

Answer 36

Carina

Question 37

What is the rima glottidis opened and closed by?

Answer 37

Crico-arytenoid muscle

Question 38

Where can the trachea be felt?

Answer 38

Above the suprasternal notch

Question 39

What is an emergency access to the airways procedure called?

Answer 39

Tracheostomy

Question 40

what does the conchae do?

Answer 40

they provide turbulence and increase the surface area for air flow and heat exchange.

Question 41

where are the orbits?

Answer 41

immediately lateral to the nasal cavity.

Question 42

as air passes from the mouth to alveoli, what are all the structures in between?

Answer 42

- nasal cavity - nasopharynx - oropharynx - larynx - trachea - bronchi - conducting bronchials - terminal bronchioles - respiratory bronchioles - alveoli

Question 43

what are the structures of the respiratory portion of the respiratory tract?

Answer 43

respiratory bronchiole, alveolar duct, alveolar sac, and alveoli where actual respiration takes place.

Question 44

what are the structures of the conducting portion of the respiratory tract?

Answer 44

nose, nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, conducting bronchioles and terminal bronchioles.