AIRWAY: CHAPT. 14

Question 1

The procedure to have the Larynx removed is known as what?

Answer 1

Laryngectomy

Question 2

5 year old boy at home has a trach-tube and is on a vent. Patients mother states unable to suction teach-tube adequately and patients oxygen saturation is dropping. Patient has been ill for 2 days with a fever, congested lungs, and copious amounts of thick green tinged mucus. You attempt to suction tube with no results. What is your best course of action?

Answer 2

Remove tracheostomy tube and replace it with a new one

Question 3

Pharynx

Answer 3

Throat

Question 4

Carina

Answer 4

Point where the main stem bronchi branch, important land mark for ET Tube

Question 5

Peak Expiratory Flow

Answer 5

Greatest rate of air flow that can be achieved during forced expiration beginning with the lungs fully inflated

Question 6

Barotrauma

Answer 6

An injury resulting from rapid or extreme changes in pressure

Question 7

FiO2

Answer 7

Percentage of oxygen in inspired air (increases with suppl. O2)
Commonly documented as a decimal (FiO2 = 0.85)

Question 8

Trachea

Answer 8

Windpipe

Question 9

The distal cuff of the ET tube should hold how many mL of air after placement?

Answer 9

6-10mL

Question 10

Who pioneered mouth to mouth ventilation?

Answer 10

James O. Elam (1954)

Question 11

Larynx

Answer 11

Voice box

Question 12

Alveolar Air Volume

Answer 12

Amount of air that reaches the alveolar for gas exchange.

Avg Adult Male = 350mL

It’s the difference between Tidal Volume and Dead Air Space

Question 13

While using a BVM to ventilate the lungs of a medical patient, you make notice that the patients chest is not rising adequately and the pulse ox is low, suggesting that the patient is not oxygenating properly. What do you suspect?

Answer 13

Inadequate Tidal Volume with each breath

Question 14

A patient in respiratory failure. Using a laryngoscope you attempt to visualize the vocal chords with no success.. Your partner attempts with no success. What is the next appropriate action?

Answer 14

Utilize a dual lumen airway

Question 15

A patient has ingested hydrochloric acid. You would like to secure and airway. What is the best method for doing so?

Answer 15

ET Tube

Question 16

77 year old female in respiratory distress. Tracheostomy tube has come dislodged. What is the next action?

Answer 16

Attempt to replace tube or incubate if necessary

Question 17

Miller

Answer 17

Straight Laryngoscope blade that is placed under the epiglottis.

Question 18

Automatic Transport Ventilators (ATV) are typically contraindicated in patients who what?

Answer 18

Have Asthma

Question 19

Dead Air space

Answer 19

Air inspired that does not participate in gas exchange.

Average adult male -150mL

Question 20

Rhonchi

Answer 20

Rattling sounds from mucus obstructions of the large airways

Question 21

Macintosh

Answer 21

Curved laryngoscope blade that is placed in the vallecula

Question 22

Upper airway consists of what?

Answer 22

Nose, Nasal Cavities, Pharynx, Laynx

Question 23

Sniffing position is indicative of what kind of airway obstruction?

Answer 23

Upper airway

Question 24

SupraSternal Notch

Answer 24

Depression that is easily felt at the base of the anterior aspect of the neck; just above the angle of Louise.

Question 25

Angle of Louise

Answer 25

Angular ion of the sternum that indicated the point where the second rib joins with the sternum. Used as a starting point from which the ribs and intercostal muscle can be counted

Question 26

To correctly position a patients head for combitube insertion you should...

Answer 26

Place the head in the neutral position

Question 27

Stridor

Answer 27

High pitched crowing sounds on inspiration resulting from right upper airway

Question 28

Alveoli

Answer 28

Airway sacs in which gas exchange occurs

Question 29

You have just delivered a newborn baby and need to suction secretions from the airway. Suctioning of a newborn should be between how may second?

Answer 29

3-5 seconds

Question 30

Suctioning (application of negative pressure) should be activated upon what?

Answer 30

Extraction of the suction catheter

Question 31

In ideal circumstances; suctioning an adult patients airway should not exceed how many seconds?

Answer 31

15 seconds

Question 32

What best defines the purpose of humidified oxygen?

Answer 32

Help moisten respiratory mucosa and loosen thick secretions

Question 33

Define tracheostomy

Answer 33

A surgical opening between the tracheal rings

Question 34

A stoma is best described as what?

Answer 34

A surgical opening into the trachea that bypasses the upper airway

Question 35

Helium

Answer 35

Point of entry for the bronchial vessels, bronchi, and nerves in each lung

Question 36

Thyroid Cartilage

Answer 36

Largest cartilage that is shaped like a shield and can be identified externally

Question 37

The adult trachea is approx. how many CM in length?

Answer 37

10-12 CM

Question 38

Croup

Answer 38

Also known as Laryngotracheobronchitis. | Infection of the airway below the level of the vocal chords, usually caused by a virus

Question 39

62 year old female in an MVA, in obvious respiratory distress; has a stoma because of a laryngectomy. What do you do to assists the patients breathing?

Answer 39

Insert ET tube in stoma and ventilate

Question 40

Tripod position is indicative of what kind of airway issue?

Answer 40

Lower airway obstruction

Question 41

21 year old male has been struck in the neck several times with a metal baseball bat during a gang fight. Patient has stridor with each breath. Appropriate management for this patient includes what?

Answer 41

Early intubation to protect airway

Question 42

Expiratory Reserve Volume

Answer 42

Volume that can be maximally exhaled after a normal expiration

Question 43

Minute Volume

Answer 43

Volume inhaled/exhaled in 1 minute

Question 44

Vellecula

Answer 44

"Little Valley" | Depression between base of the tongue and the epiglottis

Question 45

Bronchioles

Answer 45

Smaller airway without cartilage in their walls

Question 46

Functional Residual Capacity

Answer 46

Volume remaining after the end of normal expiration

Question 47

Epiglottis

Answer 47

Leaf like structure composed of cartilage covering trachea's pending

Question 48

Residual Volume

Answer 48

Volume left in lungs after max expiration

Question 49

Tidal Volume (TV)

Answer 49

Volume inhaled/exhaled in one respiratory cycle | (In an adult male: approx. 5-7 mL/kg

Question 50

Wheezing

Answer 50

Whistling sound on exhalation caused by narrow or tight lower airways

Question 51

Interatrial septum

Answer 51

Separates right and left atria

Question 52

Crackles

Answer 52

(Rales) | Fine bubbling sounds caused by fluid in the small airways

Question 53

Pleura

Answer 53

Double membrane covering lungs

Question 54

Inspirations Reserve Volume

Answer 54

Amount of gas that can be forcefully inspired in addition to a normal breath's TV

Question 55

Costal Angle

Answer 55

Angle formed by the margins of the ribs at the sternum

Question 56

Lower Airway consists of what?

Answer 56

Trachea, Bronchial tree, alveoli and lungs

Question 57

Placed a nasogastric tube in patient with gastric distinction. Patient has no facial injuries, or other trauma. After inserting the tube, no reduction in distention even though air flows freely through the tube. A likely reason for this is what?

Answer 57

Tube misplaced in trachea

Question 58

After ensuring the patients airway is open and inserting an OPA, you use a BVM to ventilate the patients lungs. You notice each breath the chest rises minimally but the abdomen gets larger. What action do you perform to prevent this problem in the future?

Answer 58

Cricoid pressure

Question 59

You are inserting a NPA and are eating resistance during the insertion. What is next?

Answer 59

Take out NPA, Re-Lubricate it, and try other nostril.

Question 60

During the transfer on an incubated patient, you notice that coarse breath sounds are developing. You attempt to suction the trachea for secretions. The suction catheter become obstructed. What is the. Next appropriate action?

Answer 60

Flush the suction catheter with sterile saline to clear the obstruction

Question 61

Epiglottitis

Answer 61

(Supraglottitis) Infection of the soft tissue in the area above the vocal chord

Question 62

Bronchiolitis

Answer 62

Specific viral illness of newborns and toddlers, often caused by RSV, that causes inflammation of bronchioles. *highly contagious, occurs during first 2 yrs of life, more common in males*