Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Prosthetics > AK Prosthetics > Flashcards

AK Prosthetics Flashcards

(91 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Severing the adductor magnus attachment results in what % loss of adductor strength

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

More time is spent on which side during TF gait

A

Sound side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does walking speed in TF compare to TT

A

TF < half speed of TT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

AMP Pro correlates with what

A

K level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Most common cause of TF amputation

A

Vascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Benefits of a longer limb

A

Better control, suspension, and less gait deviations/energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Benefits of KD

A

Longer lever arm
Self suspending
Adductor magnus preserved
Limited distal WB
No need for IC
Less EE (between TT and TF)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Disadvantages of KD

A

Cosmesis - bulbous end, knee centers don’t match
Limited component options

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Candidates for KD

A

Active individuals w/o cosmetic concerns
Pediatrics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Benefits of KD vs TF in pediatrics

A

Reduces issues with bony overgrowth
Preserves length and growth plates
(Growth plates can be fused yo allow TF length with KD function)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which muscle groups are severed in TF amputation? Which are rarely impacted?

A

Severed: quads, hamstrings, adductors

Hip flexors and abductors are more proximal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which muscles stabilize the pelvis in SLS

A

Hip abductors (gluteus medius and minimus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Common gait pattern in TF gait

A

Reverse trendelenburg (lateral lean) moves the COM over BoS so abductors don’t have to work as hard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What surgical technique can help stabilize the femur

A

Myodesis - adductors are attached laterally through femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Benefits and indications for OI

A

Eliminates socket
For patients w/persistent socket and/or skin issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Van Nes Rotationplasty common etiology

A

Osteosarcoma of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Describe van nes rotationplasty, pros, cons

A

Foot and ankle rotated 180 deg so Ankle PF=knee Extension

Pro - functional
Con - cosmesis, can derotate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Two considerations in pediatric amputation

A

Preserve as much length as possible
Preserve growth plates to avoid bony overgrowth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Goals after TF amputation

A

Prevent contractures (hip flex and abd)
Reduce pain, edema, bulbous DE
Promote strength, balance, control
Prepare for prosthesis (desensitize and improve bed mobility)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Strategies to prevent contracture after TF amputation

A

No pillow under leg
Lie prone (if not overweight)
Extend limb off edge of bed
No pillow between legs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Issues w/shrinkers

A

Suspension due to shape
Lots of soft tissue
Encompass hip joint
Toileting/hygiene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What suspension options are available for an IPOP

A

Suspenders or belt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What motion provides voluntary prosthetic knee stability

A

Hip extension (effectiveness depends on surgical technique)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Boundaries of femoral / Scarpa’s triangle

A

Inguinal ligament, sartorius, adductor longus tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Which muscle group stabilizes the femur in the coronal plane
Hip Adductors
26
Many adductors attach to which bony landmark
Pubic ramus
27
Types of foam covers for AK
Continuous and discontinuous (gap at knee)
28
Drawback of continuous foam cover
Wrinkles behind knee and stretches on front of knee
29
Limitations of foam covers
Resistance to knee flexion Tears, compression/degradation Visual gaps Hygiene Skin can increase cost and is prone to punctures
30
Socket size relative to limb for skin fit suspension
Socket slightly smaller than limb so soft tissue compressed against socket for an air tight seal
31
Donning skin fit socket
One way air valve prevents air-in, can be release for doffing Use pull sock, ace wrap, or quick dry lubricant (wet fit) for donning
32
Skin fit pros/cons
Least amount of pistoning, better proprioception, feels lighter, no straps or belts required Difficult to don, hot, requires consisten RL volume
33
Skin fit indications
Stable RL volume Long RL w/good skin Good UL function
34
Types of suction suspension
Skin fit Seal-in liner
35
Liner suspension indications
Most patients Easier to don than skin fit
36
Skin reactions most common cause
Hygiene
37
Potential cause of discomfort w/liner
Skin traction distally
38
Pros/cons liner
Effective, easy to don, reduces shear, can accommodate volume changes Less rotational control (lanyard can help), added bulk/weight/cost/length
39
Types of liner suspension
Lanyard Pin lock Seal-in
40
Types of strap suspension
Silesian belt / TES belt Shoulder suspenders
41
Silesian belt / TES pros/cons
Common auxiliary suspension, additional rotational control, *may* improve adduction Increases donning time, encircles waist (toileting inconvenience, etc)
42
Shoulder suspenders indications
Previously satisfied user, nothing else will work (eg. Need to reduce forces around pelvis or severe abdominal scarring) Shoulder elevation can extend prosthetic knee Cumbersome
43
Type of hip joint used for suspension
Single axis, laminated into socket and attaches to pelvic band
44
Location of pelvic band
1/2 way between trochanter and iliac crest
45
Typical interface used with hip joint and pelvic band
Sock fit
46
Hip joint and pelvic band indications
Max ML stability required (weak abductors, extremely short RL), previously satisfied user
47
Hip joint and pelvic band cons
Bulky, heavy, restricts abd/add (sit to stand, exiting car), pistoning in swing
48
What is the effect of total contact
Reduces distal end edema which can progress to verrucous hyperplasia and cancer if untreated
49
What is the effect of not fully accommodating hip extension ROM (flexion contracture)
Short step on sound side due to prosthetic side not being able to extend hip further in terminal stance Can also create knee instability or postural changes (excessive lordosis, forward lean)
50
Trim lines of TF socket tend to be higher on which walls
Anterior and lateral tend to be higher
51
Types of TF sockets
Quadrilateral Ischial containment Sub-ischial
52
Shape of quad socket
Rectangular with 4 defined walls Narrow AP
53
Where is the ischium located in quad socket
IT sits on top of posterior shelf/brim ~1” from medial wall
54
Shape of IC socket
Triangular cross section Narrow ML
55
Shape of sub-ischial socket
Round, ischium does not contact brim Typically elevated vacuum
56
Sub-ischial socket pros/cons
Comfort, hip ROM May not contain tissue, provide ML stability, or accommodate volume changes
57
Quad socket limitations
Excessive brim pressures Limited ML stability
58
If quads are not accommodated in socket, what will happen when they activate
Muscle activation will cause socket rotation if channel is too shallow or not acommodated
59
Orientation of medial wall in quad socket
In LOP
60
Posterior brim in quad socket is oriented in what relation to the ground
Parallel
61
Quad socket indications
Long, firm RL with firm adductor musculature Previous satisfied users
62
What happens if medial soft tissue is not contained
Adductor roll
63
Consideration for the height of the anterior wall
Follow inguinal crease, should not impede hip flexion Avoid pinching or pubic impingement when arising from chair Shorter limbs will require higher trim line
64
What helps maintain IT location in socket (IT counterforce)
Anterior wall pressure (scarpa’s)
65
Excessive pressure in Scarpa’s triangle may cause what
Numbness from excessive pressure on nerve bundle
66
Orientation of lateral wall in quad socket
In LOP, flat
67
Function of lateral wall in socket
Stabilize femur in coronal plane
68
Potential gait causes of pain at distal lateral femur
Abducted gait Trunk lean
69
Burning of hamstrings while seated may be due to what
Undercut of posterior wall, radius too tight, posterior shelf too wide
70
IC socket axial support accomplished via 3 methods
Ischial support Gluteal support Hydrostatic support
71
Inadequate IT support may result in
Ramus pressure, discomfort (slide too far into socket)
72
What type of support is key for shorter RL: ischial, gluteal, or hydrostatic
Gluteal - short limbs lack surface area for loading and hydrostatic pressure More proximal or more aggressive shelf = more gluteal loading
73
How is hydrostatic support achieved
Volume reduction of socket relative to limb
74
Primary vertical WB in quad vs IC
Quad: ischial shelf IC: combination of ischial, gluteal, and hydrostatic support
75
Boundaries of sub ischial triangle
Inferior pubic ramus Semitendinosus Gracilis
76
Relief in anteromedial corner of socket is for
Adductor longus tendon
77
Adductor longus attaches to what
Pubis
78
IT counterforce in IC socket
Contour and compression of rectus femoral in anterior wall Scarpa’s pressure
79
Rectus channel can help control/prevent what
Rotation by allowing room for functioning muscles
80
Orientation of medial wall in IC socket
Internally rotated relative to the LOP
81
What function does the internal rotation of the medial wall serve
Precompresses the adductors to facilitate early stance phase loading and prevents lateral shifting of socket
82
Sub ischial triangle compresses what
Adductor musculature
83
Potential causes of adductor roll
Tight socket or inadequate flaring Tissue not contained
84
Feature of medial brim relieves what
Ramus relief IT is inside socket and pubis is outside socket, the ramus connects the two
85
Orientation of lateral wall in IC socket
Externally rotated relative to LOP
86
What function does external rotation of the lateral wall serve
Applies pressure to the femur in stance for ML and femur stability (help keep in adduction)
87
Inward angulation of socket proximal to trochanter is called What is the function
Cupping Reduces gapping in midstance
88
Is quad socket considered ischial containment
No, ischium is not contained within socket
89
Ischial containment can assist with what type of stability
ML stability
90
Purpose of aligning socket in flexion
Allows for even step length on sound side Puts hip extensors on stretch and therefore at a functional advantage
91
Purpose of aligning socket in adduction
Allows for loading of lateral femur Puts hip abductors on stretch and therefore at a functional advantage Places femur in anatomical alignment to help stabilize pelvis

Prosthetics (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions