Albuterol; Duoneb; Benadryl; Narcan

Question 1

Albuterol (Proventil / Ventolin) - Classification

Answer 1

Bronchodilator; Beta-II Agonist

Question 2

Albuterol (Proventil / Ventolin) - Mechanism of Action

Answer 2

Binds and stimulates the Beta-II adrenergic receptors, resulting in the relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles

Question 3

Albuterol (Proventil / Ventolin) - Indications

Answer 3

Asthma; Bronchitis with bronchospasm; COPD; Allergic reactions

Question 4

Albuterol (Proventil / Ventolin) - Contraindications

Answer 4

Sensitivities to similar medications; Use caution with lactating patients; Cardiovascular disorders; Cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 5

Albuterol (Proventil / Ventolin) - Adverse Effects

Answer 5

Hyperglycemia; hypokalemia; palpitations; tachycardia; anxiety; tremors; dry mouth; hypertension

Question 6

Albuterol (Proventil / Ventolin) - Dosage

Answer 6

Adults/Peds: 2.5 mg diluted in 2.5 mL normal saline (nebulized over 5-15 minutes)

Question 7

Albuterol / Ipratropium (DuoNeb / Atrovent) - Classification

Answer 7

Bronchodilator; Beta II-Agonist; Anticholinergic

Question 8

Albuterol / Ipratropium (DuoNeb / Atrovent) - Mechanism of Action

Answer 8

Inhibits vagally mediated receptors by antagonizing acetylcholine action while supplying Beta-II stimulation causing bronchodilation. Decreases mucous production

Question 9

Albuterol / Ipratropium (DuoNeb / Atrovent) - Indications

Answer 9

COPD; allergic reactions

Question 10

Albuterol / Ipratropium (DuoNeb / Atrovent) - Contraindications

Answer 10

Sensitivities to similar medications; use caution with lactating patients; cardiovascular disorders; cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 11

Albuterol / Ipratropium (DuoNeb / Atrovent) - Adverse Effects

Answer 11

Hyperglycemia; hypokalemia; palpitations; tachycardia; anxiety; tremors; dry mouth; hypertension

Question 12

Albuterol / Ipratropium (DuoNeb / Atrovent) - Dosage

Answer 12

Adults/Peds: 3mg Albuterol / 0.5mg Ipratropium diluted in 2.5 mL normal saline (nebulized over 5-15 minutes)

Question 13

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Classification

Answer 13

Antihistamine

Question 14

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Mechanism of Action

Answer 14

Binds and blocks H1 histamine receptors, reducing the effects on capillaries

Question 15

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Indications

Answer 15

Anaphylactic reactions; dystonic reactions

Question 16

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Contraindications

Answer 16

Alcohol and CNS depressants; known hypersensitivities

Question 17

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Adverse Effects

Answer 17

Drowsiness; dizziness; sedation; thickens bronchial secretions

Question 18

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) - Dosage

Answer 18

Adult: 25-50 mg (PO/IV/IM/IO)
Peds: 1 mg/kg (PO/IV/IM/IO)

Question 19

Naloxone (Narcan) - Classification

Answer 19

Opioid Antagonist

Question 20

Naloxone (Narcan) - Mechanism of Action

Answer 20

Binds to the opioid receptors and blocks the effects of narcotics; competitive opioid receptor antagonist

Question 21

Naloxone (Narcan) - Indications

Answer 21

narcotic (opioid) overdose; reversal of narcotics used for procedural related anesthesia

Question 22

Naloxone (Narcan) - Contraindications

Answer 22

known sensitivity to naloxone (or similarly related drugs)

Question 23

Naloxone (Narcan) - Adverse Effects

Answer 23

Nausea; vomiting; restlessness; tachycardia; hypertension; narcotic withdrawal

Question 24

Naloxone (Narcan) - Dosage

Answer 24

BLS Adult: 2mg (Intranasal)

ALS Adult: 0.4 - 2mg (IV/IO/IM/IN)