alcohol Flashcards
structural formula of methanol
CH3OH
structural formula of ethanol
C2H5OH or CH3CH2OH
structural formula of propanol
C3H7OH or CH3CH2CH2OH
structural formula of butanol
C4H9OH or CH3CH2CH2CH2OH
how does hydration of ethene produce ethanol
ethene gas mixed with steam at 300 degrees
pressure of 65 atm
phosphoric acid used as a catalyst
makes pure ethanol
how does fermentation of glucose produce ethanol
yeast provides enzymes at 30 degrees-optimum temp
anaerobic respiration- prevents oxidation
glucose is fermented
produces impure ethanol
functional group of alcohols
-OH
What is molecular formula
- just each element, once only.
- Doesn’t show structure at all
what is displayed formula
- every atom and every bond, all drawn out.
- Perfectly shows structure, but takes a while to draw out
what is structural formula
between molecular and displayed- shows structure somewhat but without taking time to draw out (e.g Ethanol- CH3CH2OH)
advantages and disadvantages of hydration of ethene method
+pure ethanol
+can run continuously (not batches)
-conditions require lots of energy
-non-renewable raw material (ethene) used
advantages and disadvantages of fermentation method
+renewable raw material used (glucose)
+conditions not energy-intensive
-must be done in individual batches
-makes impure ethanol
3 ways ethanol can be oxidised
- Combustion
- Microbial oxidation
- chemical oxidation
formula for combustion of ethanol
C2H5OH + 3O2 –> 2CO2 + 2H2O
formula for microbial oxidation of ethanol (making ethanoic acid)
C2H5OH + 2[O] –> CH3COOH + H2O
