Alcohol Flashcards
(23 cards)
Alcohol names end in…
-ol
General formula of an alcohol
C n H 2n+1 OH
Are alcohols flammable?
Yes
Alcohols burn in the air to produce…
Carbon dioxide and water
The first three alcohols…
dissolve completely in water to form neutral solutions
Does alcohol dissolve completely in water?
Yes
What type of solution does alcohol make when dissolved in water?
Neutral solutions
Alcohols react with sodium to make…
Alkoxides and hydrogen
Alkoxides and hydrogen are made by…
Reacting sodium with an alcohol
Ethanol + Sodium —>
Sodium ethoxide and hydrogen
Which is more toxic: ethanol or methanol?
Methanol (causes blindness if drunk)
What does ethanol damage in the body?
Liver and brain
Alcohols are mainly used as…
Solvents and fuels
Why are alcohols very useful solvents in industry?
Because they dissolve most compounds that water can, and also compounds that water CANNOT (e.g. hydrocarbons/fats)
_____ is the solvent for perfumes and aftershave lotions?
Ethanol
Why is ethanol useful for making perfumes?
It mixes with both the oils (which make the smell) and water (which makes the bulk of the product)
What are “methylated spirits” and what are they used for?
Ethanol with other chemicals added
They clean paintbrushes/are used as fuel
Why are methylated spirits dyed blue/purple?
So no one drinks them (poisonous)
Functional group of alcohol
-OH
Ethanol can be mixed with ____ to make fuel for ______
1) petrol
2) cars
Is ethanol clean burning or very polluting?
Clean burning (which is why it makes fuels less polluting when mixed with petrol)
How is ethanol made? (Renewably)
Fermenting sugar canes produces ethanol (uses a renewable resource)
Why is ethanol used as a fuel in spirit burners?
It burns cleanly and doesn’t smell bad
