Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Y2 CLASP > Alcohol > Flashcards

Alcohol Flashcards

1
Q

What enzyme breaks down alcohol and where does the majority of this occur?

A

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the breakdown pathway of alcohol?

A

Alcohol - Acetaldehyde (alcohol dehydrogenase)
Acetaldehyde - Acetate (aldehyde dehydrogenase)
Acetate - CO2 + H2O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What compound causes hangovers?

A

Acetaldehyde

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What drug is used to reduce alcoholism and how does it work?

A

Antabuse

Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase so prevents breakdown of acetaldehyde (increases symptoms of hangover)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why do women have a lower alcohol tolerance?

A

They have less alcohol dehydrogenase

Decreased blood volume to dilute alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What occurs during a mild withdrawal?

A

12-36 hours:

Sweating, anxiety, fine tremor, nausea, retching, increased HR/BP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What occurs during a moderate withdrawal?

A

12hrs-5days:

coarse tremor, shaking, agitation, confusion, paranoia, hallucinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What occurs during a severe withdrawal?

A

12hrs-7days:

severe agitation, anxiety, confusion, delusions, hallucinations (spiders)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How is alcohol withdrawal pharmacologically managed?

A

Diazepam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What tool is used to briefly screen for alcoholism and above what value is concerning?

A

FAST assessment

>3/4 = hazardous drinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What in depth screening tool is used to assess alcohol dependence?

A

AUDIT

20+ = possible dependence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is an AUDIT of 15-19 managed?

A

Brief intervention - 4 motivational enhancement therapy (MET) sessions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is an AUDIT of >20 managed?

A

Possible dependance, may require admission

Pharmacological intervention and psychological support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is delirium tremens and how might it present?

A

Medical emergency due to alcohol withdrawal (can be fatal)
Confusion, hallucinations, tachycardia, sweating, tremor, seizures
72-96 hours after last drink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is delirium tremens treated?

A

Don’t stop drinking,
Benzodiazepine,
Preferably inpatient detox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

A

Thiamine deficiency in the brain

Due to alcohol abuse, Wernicke presents first, can very rarely progress into Korsakoff (life-threatening cerebral atrophy)

17
Q

How does Wernicke-Korsakoff present?

A

Nystagmus, acute confusion, amnesia

18
Q

How is Wernicke syndrome treated?

A

Urgent thiamine (to prevent progression to Korsakoff - irreversible cerebral atrophy)

19
Q

What diseases does alcohol abuse increase risk of?

A 
Liver disease (alcohol fatty liver disease --> cirrhosis)
Cancers

Y2 CLASP (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions