Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psych > alcohol dependence > Flashcards

alcohol dependence Flashcards

(69 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what is harmful use in ICD10

A
  1. alcohol use causing either physical or mental damage
  2. no dependence
  3. often criticised by others
  4. adverse social consequences
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

ICD 10 criteria for dependence syndrome?

A
  1. strong compulsion to take substance
  2. can’t control behaviour
  3. withdrawal state - classic withdrawal for the substance
  4. use of the substance or similar to relieve withdrawal symptoms
  5. evidence of tolerance
  6. neglect of alternative pleasures (primacy)
  7. persisting with use despite evidence of harmful consequences (eg liver, depression, cognitive probs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is dependence syndrome?

A

3+ dependency criteria present together at some time in past year

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

some additional signs of dependence syndrome?

A

narrowed repertoire and patterns - stereotyped behaviour

reinstatement after period of abstinence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

units in pint of beer?

A

2-4 depends on strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

large glass of wine units?

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

bottle of wine?

A

9 units

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

bottle of alcopops units?

A

1.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

women units/day?

A

2-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

men units/day?

A

3-4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

gender distribution of dependence?

A

7.5% male 2% female

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

lifetime prevalence of alcohol dependence?

A

14%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

who are the heaviest drinkers?

A

young men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

drinking and women- comorbidity?

A

more likely than men to have affective disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

most drinkers live in ______

A

urban

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

occupations and drinking?

A
  1. easy access
  2. unsociable hours
  3. shift work
  4. away from home
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

relationship status drinkers?

A

single

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

lowest drinking class?

A

middle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

comorbidities and drinking?

A
  1. other substance
  2. affective
  3. anxiety
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

at risk drinking men and women?

A

men - >14 drinks wk/>4 per session

women >7 /wk or >3 session

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how much ethanol in one unit?

A

10-12g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

weekly women alcohol?

A

14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

weekly men alcohol?

A

21

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

biological link with alcohol dependence?

A

yes possibly - twin studies and adoption studies - mostly males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
dopamine pathway in alcohol use?
1. activation: NA, dopamine 2. euphoria: dopamine, opioid, serotonin 3. anxiolytic: increased GABA
26
what is CAGE?
1. ever been told to cut down 2. ever been annoyed by others giving out about your drinking 3. Ever felt guilty? 4. eye - opener
27
CAGE score _____ has a high sense and spec for problem drinkers
2+
28
normal AUDIT score is _______
5 female, 7 male
29
what is an alcohol dependent score in AUDIT?
20+
30
what are the psychiatric consequences of alcohol dependence?
1. alcohol hallucinosis 2. DTs 3. generalised anxiety 4. panic attacks 5. low mood 6. depression/anxiety dx
31
what is hallucinosis?
3rd person derogatory auditory, assoc w/ higher risk of schizophrenia and reduction in dose
32
_____ % of suicides have alcohol
20 prior to taking life 27% have hx of alcohol abuse 45% have attended GP for alcohol counselling
33
comorbidities with alcohol dependence?
x2 mental, x7 drug 1. affective - 20% depressed 2. suicide - lifetime risk 4% 3. othello syndrome 4. anxiety disorders 5. eating disorders
34
what is othello syndrome?
1. males 2. delusional jealousy 3. try to prove infidelity 4. risk to spouse
35
withdrawal symptoms?
1. NV 2. tremor 3. sweats 4. anxiety 5. tactile perception prob 6. auditory hallucination 7. visual hallucination 8. confused 9. DT 10. convulsions (within 24hrs)
36
_____ scale rates withdrawal symptoms and informs mx
CIWA
37
signs of DT?
1. confused 2. agitated 3. ANS probs 4. fever 5. visual hallucinations - lilliputian, affect of terror 6. tactile - formication
38
mx of DT?
1. chlordiazepoxide - long actcing benzo 2. can give stat if tremulous 3. 5-40mg QDS - increase if signs withdrawal - DTs protocol is 60mg QDS +/- haloperidol 4. then taper down 5. +/- anticonvulsants 6. supportive
39
neurological complications of alcohol dependence?
1. intoxication 2. wernicke's 3. korsakoff's 4. cerebellar degeneration 5. epilepsy 6. dementia 7. central pontine myelinosis 8. optic atrophy
40
what is WE?
``` confusion ataxia ophthalmoplegia tetrad - nystagmus also: peripheral neuropathy, hypothermia, hypotension, coma ```
41
what is korsakoff's
impaired recent memory and new learning confabulation poor time sense
42
what is damaged in korsakoff's
mamillary bodies
43
who gets WE?
1. heavy drinkers 2. thiamine deficiency 3. hyperemesis gravidarum 4. anorexia
44
WE untreated leads to ______ in _____% of cases
korsakoff's | 84%
45
tx WE?
pabrinex 1 pair ampoules daily for 3-5 days | thiamine 2-300mg PO daily thereafter
46
s/e pabrinex?
allergy- rare
47
GIT consequences of alcohol
1. oesophagitis 2. mallory weiss 3. varices 4. oes ca 5. pancreatitis 6. portal HTN
48
liver consequences alcohol?
alcoholic hepatitis fatty liver cirrhosis
49
CVS consequences alcohol?
arrhythmia DCM HTN
50
metabolic side effects of alcohol
ketoacidosis | hypoglycaemia
51
MSK symptoms of alcohol?
``` dupuytrens gout proximal myopathy AVN OP ```
52
BAC ____ = double vision
0.3%
53
BAC _____ = unconscious
0.45%
54
BAC ______ = death
0.65%
55
alcohol related issues are ____ of all med admissions
15%
56
children of alcoholic more at risk of:
conduct disorder | deliquency
57
drinking is implicated in ______ of fatal RTAs
75%
58
mx of alcohol dependence
1. abstinence | 2. detox - OPD or IP
59
when to do IP detox?
1. prior hx of DTs or seizures 2. >65yrs 3. poor social support 4. comorbid psych issues 5. suicidal 6. failed community detox 7. cognitive impairment
60
Rfs for DTs in detox
1. severe dependence 2. past hx 3. older age 4. acute illness 5. severe withdrawal symptoms
61
symptomatic tx of alcoholism
1. dehydrated - fluids 2. pain- paracetamol 3. NV- prochlorpromazine or metoclopramide 4. diarrhoea - loperamide 5. lactulose - hepatic encepalopathy
62
how to maintain abstinence in ADependence? (meds)
1. disulfram 2. acamprosate 3. naltrexone
63
what is disulfram?
causes facial flushing, throbbing headache, palpitations, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting when drink alcohol within 15 mins CAN BE FATAL
64
acamprosate what does it do?
GABA agonist - reduces craving
65
what does naltrexone do?
opioid antagonist | antagonises endorphins released by alcohol
66
psychological tx for alcohol dependence?
1. motivational interviewing - cycle of change, non confrontational, contact, advice, goals 2. addiction counsellor 3. relapse prevention - FRAMES
67
what is FRAMES?
``` feedback responsibility advice menu of options empathy self efficacy ```
68
social tx of alcohol dependence?
AA - 12 steps - there is a teen version address social problems
69
poor px factors in alcohol dependence?
1. male 2. co morbid psych 3. low IQ 4. long hx 5. personality disorder

Psych (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions