Alcohols Flashcards
(18 cards)
Which reactions can be used to prepare alcohols?
SN1, SN2, Acid Catalyzed Hydration, Hydroboration Oxidation, Halohydrin Formation, Reduction Reactiions, Grignard Reactions, Catalytic Hydrogenation
What is the resulting product of the oxidation of a primary alcohol?
Aldehyde or Carboxylic acid
What is an oxidizing agent?
A compound that is reduced in order to accomplish the oxidation of another
What can be reduced to prepare alcohols?
Ketone, Carboxylic Acids, Esters, and Aldehydes
Which reagents are used to prepare alcohols from Ketones and Aldehydes?
1) LiAlH4 1) NaBH4
2) H2O 2) MeOH
What reagent is also strong enough to reduce Esters and Carboxylic Acids?
1)LiAlH4
2)H2O
What is a Grignard Reagent?
Magnesium with an R group and a Halide. (R—MgX)
What conditions are required to eliminate an OH group using E1?
Acidic conditions (conc. H2SO4 and heat)
Which classification of alcohols cannot do E1?
Primary alcohols
What elimination reaction works for primary alcohols?
E2 reactions
What can react twice with esters to form alcohol?
Excess Grignard reagent
What are good leaving groups for SN1 (3 degree alcohols)?
HBr, HCl
What are good leaving groups for SN2 (1 or 2 degree alcohols)?
HBr, SOCl2 (Inverts stereochemistry), and PBr3 (Inverts stereochemistry)
What are good leaving groups for Elimination reactions?
TsCl, py
NaOEt can be used after to create a pi bond
What functional group is the result of an Oxidation reaction with an alcohol?
Ketone if secondary alcohol
Aldehyde or carboxylic acid if primary
Which oxidizing agent is strong enough to produce a carboxylic acid?
1)Na2Cr2O7
2)H3O
Which oxidizing agent is weaker and can produce aldehydes?
PCC
Which degree of alcohol does not undergo oxidation?
tertiary
