alexander III Flashcards
who tutored alex III
Pobedonostev
what was the document that alex III released to show his type of autocracy called
manifesto of unshakable autocracy
when was the ‘manifesto of unshakable autocracy’ released
1881
give an example of alex III showing more of a rigid and conservative ruling at the start of his reign
he began with the public hanging of the conspirators involved in his father’s assassination
summarise in 2 points how government changed once alex III became leader
Loris Melikov proposals abandonded
reforming ministers resigned
give 2 examples of changes in local government
land captains were created
an act introduced which reduced pesants’ votes and put zemstva under central government control
when were land captains created
July 1889
give 3 changes in policing
number of police increased
new branches of the criminal investigation department were set up
a drive to recruit spies and counter-spies
what was the secret police called
okhrana
who was the main person who led the okhrana
pleheve
how did the police have extreme power over people
police agents could search, arrest, detain, question, imprison or exile not only those who had committed a crime and who they thought had committed a crime
give 3 examples of judicial changes
(1889) volst courts under land captains control
(1887) ministry could grant powers to hold closed court sessions
(1887) the property and qualifications needed by jurors were raised
give 4 examples of educational changes
Delyanov made education based off ‘religious, morals and patriotic orientation’
abolished women going to university
children from the lowest class were restricted to primary education
primary education back in the hands of the Orthodox Church
give 2 examples of changes in censorship
‘temporary regulations’ allowed newspapers to be closed down and a life time ban
russification enforced
give 2 examples of reforms which went against alex III’s conservative attitude
a law reduced redemption payments
poll tax abolished
how was alex III different to other tsars in terms of russification
other tsars were mainly concerned with control rather than with matters of racial superiority
where was russification most prominent during Alex III reign
Poland and Finland
summarise russification in Finland
reorganised parliament to reduce its power and influence
Russian language was increasingly demanded
Russian coinage replaced the local currency
summarise russification in the Baltic Germans
1885-1889
Russian language in all sectors of life
University of Dorpar became Iurev University
summarise russification in Ukraine
1883- laws limited the Ukrainian language
1884- all theatres in 5 provinces closed down
conscripts from national areas were dispersed to prevent national groupings from developing
how was Orthodoxy involved in russification
catholic monasteries were closed down
influence of catholic priests were curbed
incentives were provided for non-catholics to settle in this areas
name 1 statistics based on religion during russification
37,000 Lutherans converted to Orthodoxy in order to take advantage of the special measures
give a statistic that shows resistant in response to russification
in June 1888 there was an estimated 322 cases of mass disturbances in 61 of Russia’s provinces
where were most Jews located in the Russian Empire
Pale of Settlement
