Algebra vocabulary Flashcards
(127 cards)
2
Q
circle
A
a closed figure in which all the points on the figure are the same distance from the center
3
Q
century
A
one hundred years
4
Q
acute angle
A
an angle whose measure is less than 90 degrees
5
Q
circumference
A
perimeter of a circle
6
Q
base
A
the bottom of a two- or three-dimensional shape, considered as its support
7
Q
addend
A
a number being added in an addition problem
8
Q
chord
A
a line segment that connects two points on a circle without passing through the center
9
Q
addend
A
a number being added in an addition problem
10
Q
area
A
the measurement of the interior region of a two-dimensional shape
11
Q
hexagon
A
a polygon with six sides
12
Q
half
A
one of two equal parts
13
Q
flip
A
the change in the position of a figure that is the result of picking it up and turning it over; reflection
14
Q
gallon
A
a customary unit of measurement for capacity used for liquids, equal to four quarts
15
Q
heptagon
A
a polygon with seven sides
16
Q
fraction
A
a part of a whole
17
Q
height
A
a dimension of a two- or three-dimensional figure, usually measured perpendicularly from the base to the highest point
18
Q
greatest common factor
A
the largest number that divides evenly into two or more numbers
19
Q
foot
A
a customary unit of measurement for length, equal to 12 inches
20
Q
expression
A
a combination of variables, numbers, and symbols that shows a mathematical relationship
21
Q
even
A
divisible by two
22
Q
edge
A
the line segment where two faces of a solid meet
23
Q
equation
A
the statement of relationship between two quantities, indicated by an equal sign
24
Q
factor
A
a number being multiplied in a multiplication problem
25
Q
equivalent
A
equal
26
endpoint
a point that marks one end of a line segment or a ray
27
equilateral triangle
a triangle in which all sides have the same length
28
face
the flat surface of a solid figure
29
denominator
the bottom part of a fraction
30
diameter
a line segment that passes through the center of a circle that connects two points on the circle
31
difference
the answer to a subtraction problems
32
digit
any of the numerals from 0 to 9
33
dime
coin with a value of 1/10 of a dollar or 10 cents
34
dividend
the number being divided in a division problem
35
divisor
the number by which another number is being divided
36
dollar
a unit of money equal to 100 cents
37
dozen
a group or set of 12 things
38
composite number
a number with more than two factors
39
cone
a solid with a circular base and one vertex
40
congruent figures
figures that are the same size and shape
41
cube
a solid having six equal square sides or faces
42
cup
a customary unit of measurement for capacity, equal to 8 fluid ounces
43
cylinder
a three-dimensional solid with two circular bases that are parallel to each other
44
day
a period of 24 hours, from midnight to midnight
45
decade
ten years
46
decagon
a polygon with 10 sides
47
interval
all the numbers that lie within two certain boundaries
48
imaginary numbers
square roots of negative numbers
49
integer
a whole number, either positive, negative, or zero
50
inverse relations
relations where the domain and the range have been inter-changed--switching the coordinates in each ordered pair
51
inequality
a statement in which the relationships are not equal
52
incomplete quadratic equation
a quadratic equation with a term missing
53
indirect variation/inverse variation
when y varies indirectly as x or y is indirectly proportional to x; that is, as x increases, y decreases and as y increases, x decreases
54
infinite
uncountable; continues forever
55
intersection of sets
the members that overlap (are in both sets)
56
F.O.I.L. method
a method of multiplying binomials in whcih first terms, outside terms, inside terms, and last terms are multiplied
57
graphing method
a method of solving simultaneous equations by graphing each equation on a coordinate graph and finding the common point (intersection)
58
identity element for multiplication
one; any number multiplied by one gives the original number
59
half-open interval
an interval that includes one endpoint, or one boundary
60
factor
to find two or more quantities whose product equals the original quantity
61
function
a relation in which each element in the domain is paired with exactly one element in the range
62
identity element for addition
zero; any number added to zero gives the original number
63
half-plane
the region of a coordinate graph on one side of a boundary line
64
finite
countable; having a definite ending
65
proportion
two ratios equal to each other
66
origin
the point of intersection of the two number lines on a coordinate graph; (0, 0)
67
quadratic formula
a method of solving quadratic equations
68
ordinate
the distance along the vertical axis on a coordinate graph
69
positive multiplication property of inequality
if c > 0, then a >b if, and only if, ac > bc
70
polynomial
an algebraic expression consisting of two or more terms
71
quadratic equation
an equation that could be written ax² + bx + c = 0
72
quadrants
four quarters or divisions of a coordinate graph
73
ordered pair
any pair of elements (x, y) having a first element x and second element y
74
open interval
an interval that does not include endpoints or fixed boundaries
75
null set
a set with no members; an empty set
76
open half-plane
a half-plane that does not include the boundary line
77
numerator
everything above the fraction bar in a fraction
78
open ray
a ray that does not include its endpoint (half line)
79
number line
a graphic representation of integers and real numbers
80
numerical coefficient
the number in front of the variable
81
literal equation
an equation having mostly variables
82
nonlinear equation
an equation whose solution set does not form a straight line when plotted on a coordinate graph
83
multiplicative inverse
the reciprocal of the number
84
linear equation
an equation whose solution set forms a straight line when plotted on a coordinate graph
85
negative multiplication property of inequality
reverse the inequality sign when multiplying (or dividing) by a negative number
86
monomial
an algebraic expression consisting of only one term
87
means
inner terms in a proportion
88
multiplicative axiom of equality
if a = b and c = d, then ac = bd
89
whole number
0, 1, 2, 3, and so on
90
variation
a relationship between a set of values of one variable and a set of values of other variables
91
x-axis
the horizontal axis in a coordinate graph
92
y-coordinate
the second number in the ordered pair
93
vinculum
a line placed over (sometimes under) a digit or group of digits in a repeating decimal fraction to show which digits are repeating
94
Venn diagram
a pictorial description of sets
95
y-axis
the vertical axis in a coordinate graph
96
x-coordinate
the first number in the ordered pair
97
unknown
a letter or symbol whose value is not known, a variable
98
transitive axiom of inequality
if a > b and b >c, then a > c. Or if a < b and b < c, then a < c
99
union of sets
all the numbers in those sets
100
value
numerical amount
101
trinomial
an algebraic expression consisting of three terms
102
variable
a symbol used to stand for a number
103
universal set
the general category set, or the set of all those elements under consideration
104
trichotomy axiom of inequality
the only possible relationships between two numbers are: a > b, a = b, or a < b
105
system of equations
simultaneous equations
106
subset
a set within a set
107
square
the result when a number is multiplied by itself
108
transitive axiom of equality
if a = b and b = c, then a = c
109
symmetric axiom of equality
if a = b, then b = a
110
square root
the number that when multiplied by itself gives you the original number
111
substitution method
a method of solving simultaneous equations that involves substituting one equation into another
112
term
a numerical or literal expression with its own sign
113
rule
a method of naming a set by describing its elements
114
simplify
to combine several or many terms into fewer terms
115
solution set (or solutions)
all the answers that satisfy the equation
116
set
a group of objects, numbers, and so forth
117
roster
a method of naminga set by listing its members
118
set builder notation
a formal method of describing a set
119
simultaneous equations (system of equations)
a set of equations with the same unknowns or variables
120
slope of a line
the ratio of the change in y to the change in x in a linear equation; rise/run
121
reducing
changing a numerical or algebraic fraction into its lowest terms
122
ratio
a method of comparing two or more numbers
123
radical sign
the symbol used to designate square root
124
repeating decimal
a decimal fraction that continues forever repeating a number or block of numbers
125
real numbers
the set consisting of all rational and irrational numbers
126
relation
any set of ordered pairs
127
range
the set of all second (or y) coordinates from the ordered pairs in a relation
128
reflexive axiom of equality
for any number a, a = a
