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A-Level Chemistry > Aliphatic Compounds Synthetic Routes > Flashcards

Aliphatic Compounds Synthetic Routes Flashcards

1
Q

Alkane to haloalkane

A

Halogen, UV

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2
Q

Haloalkane to alcohol

A

NaOH (aq)

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3
Q

Haloalkane to nitrile

A

CN-, ethanol

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4
Q

Haloalkane to amine

A

NH3, ethanol

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5
Q

Alcohol to haloalkane

A

Sodium halide, sulfuric acid

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6
Q

Alcohol to alkene

A

Sulfuric acid / phosphoric acid, heat

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7
Q

Alcohol to ester

A

Carboxcylic acid, sulfuric acid
OR
Acid anhydride

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8
Q

Alcohol to carboxcylic acid

A

potassium dichromate, sulfuric acid, REFLUX

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9
Q

Alcohol to aldehyde

A

Potassium dichromate, sulfuric acid, DISTILLATION

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10
Q

Alcohol to ketone

A

Potassium dichromate, sulfuric acid, REFLUX

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11
Q

Aldehyde to alcohol

A

NaBH4

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12
Q

Aldehyde to hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN(aq), H+(aq)

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13
Q

Aldehyde to carboxylic acid

A

Potassium dichromate, sulfuric acid, REFLUX

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14
Q

Carboxylic acid to ester

A

Alcohol, conc. sulfuric acid

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15
Q

Carboxylic acid to acyl chloride

A

SOCl2

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16
Q

Acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

A

H2O

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17
Q

Acyl chloride to ester

A

Alcohol

18
Q

Acyl chloride to primary amide

A

NH3

19
Q

Acyl chloride to secondary amide

A

Primary amine

20
Q

Alkene to alkane

A

Hydrogen, nickel catalyst

21
Q

Alkene to haloalkane

A

Hydrogen halide

22
Q

Alkene to alcohol

A

Steam, phosphoric acid

23
Q

Ester to carboxylic acid

A

Dilute acid, heat

24
Q

Ester to carboxylate

A

OH-, heat

25
Q

Nitrile to amine

A

Hydrogen, nickel catalyst

26
Q

Nitrile to carboxylic acid

A

Water, HCl, heat

27
Q

Ketone to alcohol

A

NaBH4

28
Q

Ketone to hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN(aq), H+(aq)

29
Q

Hydroxynitrile to carboxylic acid

A

Water, HCl, heat

30
Q

What is the formula for potassium dichromate?

A

K2Cr2O7

31
Q

What can alkanes form?

A

Haloalkanes

32
Q

What can haloalkanes form?

ANA

A

Alcohols
Nitriles
Amines

33
Q

What can alcohols form?

AKACHE

A 
Alkenes
Ketones
Aldehydes
Carboxylic acids
Haloalkanes
Esters
34
Q

What can aldehydes form?

ACH

A

Alcohols
Carboxylic acids
Hydroxynitriles

35
Q

What can carboxylic acids form?

A

Acyl chlorides

Esters

36
Q

What can acyl chlorides form?

SPEC

A

Secondary amides
Primary amides
Esters
Carboxylic acids

37
Q

What can alkenes form?

AHA

A

Alkanes
Haloalkanes
Alcohols

38
Q

What can esters form?

CC

A

Carboxylic acids

Carboxylates

39
Q

What can nitriles form?

A

Amines

Carboxylic acids

40
Q

What can ketones form?

A

Alcohols

Hydroxynitriles

41
Q

What can hydroxynitriles form?

A

Amines

Carboxylic acids

A-Level Chemistry (12 decks)

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