Alkaine Flashcards
(20 cards)
The 3 homologous series
Alcohols, Carboxylic acids, Esters
How alcohols are formed
React an alkene with steam or water, in the presence of a catalyst
First four members of the alcohol
Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol, Butanol
Formula of alcohol
Like an alkane but minus one H and replace with OH CnH2n+1OH
Functional Group of alcohols
-OH
How Ethanol is made for drinks
Fermentation: Glucose –yeast–> ethanol+ carbon dioxide
What alcohols are used for
Drinks, Solvents, Disinfectants
Combustion of alcohols
Alcohol + oxygen—-> carbon dioxide + water
Reaction of sodium with alcohol
sodium + ethanol—-> sodium ethoxide + hydrogen
Oxidation of alcohols
ethanol + oxygen –Potassium dichromate solution–> ethanoic acid + water
How Carboxylic acids are formed
Oxidising and alcohol, with a potassium dichromate solution
Formula of Carboxylic Acids
CnH2n+1COOH
Reactioins with carboxylic acids are..
The same as with normal acids
Why Carboxylic acids are used as food preservatives
Their acidic environment inhibits the growth of bacteria and fungi
Functional Group of Carboxylic Acids
-COOH
How esters are formed
Carboxylic acid + alcohol <–Sulfuric acid catalyst–> ester + water
Functional Group of Esters
-COO
Features of Esters
Smell nice, Evaporate easily
Uses of esters
perfumes and flavourings
Formula of Ethyl Ethanoate
CH3COOC2H5
