Alkaloids

Question 1

What are sources of alkaloids.(all creation)

Answer 1

plants
fungi
bacteria
amphibia
insects
marine life

Question 2

What are the 8 classes of alkaloids
ALL. STRUCTURES HAVE A. NITROGEN

Answer 2

1. Pyridine, piperidine, pyrolizidine alkaloids
2. Phenylalkylamine
3. Quinoline
4. Isoquinoline
5. Indole
6. Tropane
7. Xanthine
8. Imidazole

Question 3

Give examples of pyridine, piperidine, and pyrrilizidine alkaloids

Answer 3

°Nicotine- smoking cessation
°Coniine- poison in traditional meds
°Arecoline- alleviate fatigue

Question 4

Examples of phenylalkylamine and their uses

Answer 4

°Ephedrine- treat severe asthma
°Mescaline- hallucinations in ceremonies
°Colchicine- treat gout

Question 5

Quinoline examples and uses

Answer 5

°Quinine- treat malaria
°Quinidine- treat type 1 cardiac arrhythmias

Question 6

Isoquinoline examples and suggestions

Answer 6

°Morphine- analgesic and muscle relaxant
°Codeine- OTC analgesic and cough suppression
°Papaverine- antispasmodic
°Thebaine- codeine precursor

Question 7

Indole alkaloids and their uses

Answer 7

°Reserpine- treat hypertension
°Physostigmine- Lead for neo and pyridostigmine used to treat myasthenia gravis (severe muscle weakness)

Question 8

Tropane alkaloids and their uses

Answer 8

°Hyoscyamine- treat acute arrhythmias, dilate pupils for ophthalmic exams
°Cocaine- treat severe pain in cancer patients

Question 9

Xanthine alkaloids and their uses

Answer 9

°Caffeine- CNS stimulation
°Theophylline- treat asthma

Question 10

Imidazole alkaloids and their uses

Answer 10

°Pilocarpine- treat glaucoma