Alkenes

Question 1

Carbons of double bonds have what kind of hybridizaton?

Answer 1

sp2

Question 2

How are the bond angles for sp2 carbons?

Answer 2

120º

Question 3

Terminal alkenes boil at

Answer 3

Lower temperatures

Question 4

Trans-alkenes are less polar and have

Answer 4

Higher mps / lower bps than cis-alkenes

Question 5

Alkenes are most commonly synthesized via

Answer 5

Elimination of alcohols or alkyl halides via ∆

Question 6

E1 is

Answer 6

Unimolecular elimination

Question 7

E1 has two steps and is capable of producing

Answer 7

Carbocations

Question 8

Which solvents are ideal for E1?

Answer 8

Polar protic

Question 9

What does E1 prefer?

Answer 9

Highly branched molecules

Question 10

E1 prefers

Answer 10

Good leaving groups

Question 11

What kind of temperatures are ideal for E1 reactions?

Answer 11

Higher temperatures

Question 12

E2 is

Answer 12

Bimolecular elimination

Question 13

Heat and acidic conditions allow for

Answer 13

E1

Question 14

Heat and basic conditions allow for

Answer 14

E2

Question 15

How does the halide have to be for E2 reactions?

Answer 15

Anti to proteins

Question 16

E2 molecules like

Answer 16

Highly substituted molecules

Question 17

Which bases allow for E2 reactions?

Answer 17

Strong, bulky ones

Question 18

H2 / metal reduce alkenes to alkanes, producing

Answer 18

Syn addition of Hydrogens

Question 19

Addition of HX to an alkene aims to create a

Answer 19

More stable carbocation, via Mark-add addition

Question 20

Addition of X2 to an alkene aims to add

Answer 20

Anti halides

Question 21

The reverse reaction of acid-catalyzed hydration is

Answer 21

Acid-catalyzed dehydration

Question 22

Free radical addition of Br2 to alkenes results in a

Answer 22

Anti-Mark addition

Question 23

Hydroboration creates a product via

Answer 23

Anti-mark but syn addition

Question 24

What allow for the Oxidation of alkenes?

Answer 24

• KMnO4
• Ozonolysis (O3)
• mCPBA

Question 25

KMnO4 produces

Answer 25

1,2 diols with syn orientation

Question 26

What does KMnO4 do under acidic conditions?

Answer 26

It cleaves double bond

Question 27

KMnO4 can cleave nonterminal alkenes to form

Answer 27

2 equivalents of -COOH

Question 28

KMnO4 can cleave terminal alkenes to form

Answer 28

A -COOH + CO2

Question 29

What happens if KMnO4 cleaves a disubstituted nonterminal alkene?

Answer 29

Ketones are formed

Question 30

Ozonolysis with O3 is the

Answer 30

Cleavage of a double bond, forming either 2 aldehydes or ketones

Question 31

mCPBA or CH3CO3H allow for the formation of

Answer 31

Oxiranes