Alkylating agents Flashcards
1
Q
Cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide
A
Covalently crosslinks (interstrand) DNA at guanine N-7. Requires bioactivation by liver;
use: NHL, breast and ovarian carcinomas. Also immunosuppressants.
toxicity: Myelosuppression, hemorrhagic cystitis*** (partially prevented with mesna)
2
Q
Nitrosureas (carmustine, lomustine, semustine, streptozocin)
A
require bioactivation; cross BBB –> CNS
use: brain tumors (including gliobastoma multiforme)
toxicity: CNS toxicty (dizziness, ataxia)
3
Q
Busulfan
A
alkylates DNA;
use: CML (also use to ablate patients bone marrow before bone marrow transplantation
toxicity: pulmonary fibrosis***
