All

Question 1

High energy radiation produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a metal target in an X-ray tube

Answer 1

X - Radiation

Question 2

A portion of radiograph that appears dark / black

Answer 2

Radiolucent

Question 3

Anything that has mass that occupies space

Answer 3

Matter

Question 4

The basic unit of matter
Consist of nucleus and orbiting electrons

Answer 4

Atom

Question 5

Negatively charged particles
Arrangement of shells from inside

Answer 5

Electrons

Question 6

Move thru space as both particle and a wave

Answer 6

Electromagnetic radiation

Question 7

A radiation that can overcome the energy required to add or remove electrons of an atom

Answer 7

Ionizing radiation

Question 8

Converting atoms into ions

Answer 8

Ionization

Question 9

Electromagnetic radiations are discrete bundles of energy called photons or quanta

Answer 9

Particle concept

Question 10

Discrete bundles of energy that moves in the speed of light in a straight line and travel thru waves

Answer 10

Photons

Question 11

Speed of light is 300,000km/s or 186,000mi/s

Answer 11

Velocity

Question 12

The number or wavelengths at a given point in time

Answer 12

Frequency

Question 13

Aluminum disks sheets measurement

Answer 13

0.5mm

Question 14

Restricts and reshapes the size of the X-ray beam

Answer 14

Lead collimator - rectangular (better)

Question 15

Coiled wore made of tungsten, produces the electrons when heated

Answer 15

Tungsten filament

Question 16

Heart of the machine
Tightly sealed metal housing that contains X-ray tube

Answer 16

X-ray tubehead

Question 17

Filled with oil and surrounds the X-ray tube and transformers
Protects the X-ray tube

Answer 17

Metal housing

Question 18

Absorbs the heat generated during the production of X-ray
Oil that surrounds the X-ray tube and transformers

Answer 18

Insulating oil

Question 19

Alters the current voltage of incoming electricity

Answer 19

Transformers

Question 20

Supplies the electrons necessary to generate X-rays

Answer 20

Cathode (negatively charged)

Question 21

Concave reflector that focuses the electrons into a narrow beam and directs it at the target of the anode

Answer 21

Molybdenum cup

Question 22

Area on the target to wc the focusing cup directs electrons and from wc X-rays are produced

Answer 22

Focal spot

Question 23

Actual size of the focal spot

Answer 23

1mm x 3mm / 0.6mm to 1mm

Question 24

Prevents oxidation or burnout of the filament

Answer 24

Vacuum tube

Question 25

Filament circuit volts

Answer 25

3-5v

Question 26

Regulates the flow of electrical current to the tungsten filament of the X-ray tube

Answer 26

Filament circuit

Question 27

High voltage circuit volts

Answer 27

65,000 - 100,000v

Question 28

Controlled by kilovoltage peak Provides high voltage to accelerate electrons

Answer 28

High voltage circuit

Question 29

Determined the QUANTITY of X-ray produced Controls the temp of the tungsten filament

Answer 29

Milliaperage

Question 30

Determines the QUALITY of the X-ray Also controls the speed of and energy of electrons

Answer 30

Kilovoltage

Question 31

The dental X-ray machine is plugged into the socket with

Answer 31

110 - 220v

Question 32

Primary source of X-ray photons from the X-ray tube, accounts 70% or X-rays produced Produced by sudden stopping of high speed electrons when it hits the tungsten target

Answer 32

General radiation

Question 33

Accounts for very small amount of X-ray produced. Occurs only >70kv

Answer 33

Characteristic radiation

Question 34

Known as useful beam Radiation produced directly from the X-ray tube and exits tubehead

Answer 34

Primary radiation

Question 35

Produced when the primary beam interacts with matter Less beneficial than the primary beam

Answer 35

Secondary radiation

Question 36

Deflected by interacting matter in all directions Detrimental to health

Answer 36

Scatter radiation

Question 37

3 types of scatter radiation

Answer 37

Compton Photoelectric absorption Coherent

Question 38

X-ray photon gives up ALL its energy to eject the electron from the orbit Accounts for 30% scatter radiation produced

Answer 38

Photoelectric absorption

Question 39

X-ray photon collides with a loosely bound outer shell electron and gives up PART of its energy to eject electron from the orbit X-ray looses energy and scatters Accounts for 62%

Answer 39

Compton scatter

Question 40

Aka “unmodified scatter” X ray photons interacts with electron with NO CHANGE HAPPENS Accounts for 8% of scatter rad produced

Answer 40

Coherent scatter

Question 41

Measures in impulses (1 impulse = 1/60 of a second) bc x-rays are produced via bursts or impulses

Answer 41

Exposure time

Question 42

Controls the heating of the filament and the number of electrons produced 7-15ma (10ma) ideal for dental X-ray machine

Answer 42

Milliamperage

Question 43

Aluminum disc mm Dental X-ray machine aluminum disc mm

Answer 43

0.5mm 0.5mm - 2mm

Question 44

Positively charged; contains a single photon

Answer 44

Nucleus

Question 45

are discrete bundles of energy that moves in a speed of light in a straight line and travel through waves

Answer 45

Photons

Question 46

Electromagnetic radiations are propagated in the form of waves with properties of velocity, wavelength, and frequency

Answer 46

Wave concept

Question 47

speed of light is 300,000 km/s or 186,000 miles / s

Answer 47

Velocity

Question 48

Distance between the crest of one wave to the crest of the next wave

Answer 48

Wavelength

Question 49

Determines the energy and penetrating power of radiation

Answer 49

Wavelength

Question 50

The # of wavelengths at a given point in time.

Answer 50

Frequency