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Ap European History First Semester > All > Flashcards

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0
Q

Occurrences of the Black death

A

Repeatedly happens

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1
Q

Reasons for 14th-century famines

A

“The great famine” crop failures disease caused by little Ice Age

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2
Q

Define condottieri

A

Leaders of bands of mercenary soldiers in Renaissance Italy who sold their services to the highest bidder

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3
Q

Boccassio’s book

A

“Decameron”

About reaction to the plague

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4
Q

Renaissance discovery

A

Artists, Catholic Church, education, magic, music, Pappasito, printing, social orders, State

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5
Q

Most important family in Florence

A

The Medici family

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6
Q

Baldassare Castiglione book

A

Book of the courtier; expected ideals of aristocrats

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7
Q

Topic of The Prince

A

Machiavelli

Good laws follow naturally from a good military

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8
Q

Movable type inventor

A

Gutenberg

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9
Q

Renaissance painters

A

Leonardo: Monalisa, the Last Supper – sculptor, artist, engineer

Michelangelo: David, sculptor

Raphael: school of Athens, euro states

Botticelli-primavera

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10
Q

Results of unified Spain

A

Aragon and Castile are strongest kindgom

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11
Q

Holy roman emperor’a family name

A

Hapsburgs

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12
Q

Thomas more “utopia”

A

Ideal society based on cooperation, reason, no property

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13
Q

Luther’s problem with catholic salvation

A

The abuse of indulgences

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14
Q

Importance of bible to Protestants

A

If not in bible, it doesn’t matter

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15
Q

Topic of 95 thesis

A

Abusement of sale of indulgences

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16
Q

Luthers response to peasant revolt

A

Don’t need help from peasants, only need help from nobility

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17
Q

Charles V’s enemies

A

Catholic France, the Turks

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18
Q

Reason for English reformation

A

Political, Henry the 17th looking for an annulment from Catherine of Aragon. Cromer suggested he be king. Act of supremacy – break from Catholic

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19
Q

Belief of Calvinists

A

Predestination, plan and simple no singing. Justification by faith. same two sacraments. Jesus is spiritually present

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20
Q

Council of Trent decisions

A

Compromise in doctrine that would encourage protestants to return to church, focused on internal discipline.

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21
Q

Provision of the edict of Nantes

A

Give protestant religious freedom, creates a Protestant country in a Catholic country

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22
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

Portuguese: hired by Spain to sailed to Indies, one ship returned, completing the first circumnavigation of the globe

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23
Q

Treaty of tordesillas

A

Agreement between Portugal and Spain.

New lands to the west of an imaginary line would belong to Spain. East equals Portugal

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24
Effect of smallpox on American Indians
Wiped them out completely
25
Provisions of Westphallia
All German states are free to determine their own religion | Holy Roman Empire is independent. France gained Germany. everyone get something
26
Jacques boussuet
Preacher, argued that government has ordained it's humans so we could live in an organized society
27
Jean baptiste Colbert
Controller of finances, manufacturing, more revenue more wars (Louis XIV)
28
Results of war of Spanish succession
Lyre art of Utrecht, Phillip is king. Balance if power retained in Europe. France=bankrupt Britain gets Gibraltar
29
Peter the Greats goal for Russia
A strong army and navy, to make Russia a great Power
30
Petition of right
Kings exception needed before granting tax revenues. Prohibits taxation without parliament consent, imprisonment, guaranteeing soldiers, declaration of marital law
31
Purpose of the test act
Parliament said only Anglicans could hold the military office. It was a plan to assassinate Charles because he was Catholic
32
The Bill of Rights and constitutional monarchy
The Bill of Rights laws groundwork for it
33
Thomas Hobbes veiw on society
Before society, humans were animalistic, led by instincts, subjects should not rebel, or they will be suppressed
34
Ptolemaic veiw of the universe
Earth did not move it was at the center of the universe
35
Keplers discoveries
Three laws of planetary motions, elliptical orbits are faster closer to the sun
36
Importance of math to Sci. Rev
Math was the basis of all sciences
37
Bacons type of reasoning
Inductive, "advancement of learning" popularized scientific method
38
Tabla rasa
Lockes argument that all humans entered the world in a "blank page"
39
Ideas in the spirit of laws
Montesquieu Check and balanced Three branches of government
40
Capital of the enlightenment
Paris
41
Purpose of encyclopedia
Didrot | Changed common way of thinking
42
Adam smiths veiw on the government
Should be limited, they should maintain defense, keep order, educate, keep economy open and free
43
Rosseaus views on private property
It is evil
44
Cesare beccaria
"On crime and punishment" shamed torture and the death penalties
45
Causes of the Austrian Succession wars
Charles VI Hapsburg monarch died. His heir was female, violated pragmatic sanction. Prussia (Fredrick) wanted Silesia
46
Irish diet
10 pounds of potatoes
47
Problems with 18 century city states
Poverty nasty
48
Inspiration for American Revolution
Inspired by the Enlightenment, ideas of freedom and using reason and intellect to solve problems
49
Causes of French Revolution
Bankruptcy, Aristocracy versus bourgeoisie. Ineffective ruler: Louis the 16th, economic hardship/foods shortages
50
Estate system in France
First: clergy, aristocrats Second: nobility, administrators Third: commoners, 75%
51
Abbé sieys
Pamphlet, represented third estate. "The third estate is everything" elected to be third GEN deptute
52
Problem with Estates General
Each only had one vote
53
Importance of Bastille
Symbol of the revolution, overthrow of old regime, recognized national Association
54
Declaration of the rights of man
Everyone is treated equal
55
Robspierre
Started raining of terror, when the threat of anarchy forced the national convention to give up power. Branded as a trader, killed
56
Concordat of 1801
Agreement between Napoleon and Papel, defined status of the Roman Catholic Church
57
Continental system
Designed by Napoleon to paralyze Great Britain
58
Importance of Waterloo
Final defeat for Napoleon and ended the years of warfare in Europe
59
Industrial Revolution beginnings
The factory system, improvements in transportation and communication,(new crops/tech)
60
Proletarianization
The social process in which people move from being an employer, unemployed as a wage labor/employer
61
Spread of Industrial Revolution
Invention of steam engine. Germany, France and United States followed Britain's lead because they had enough coal and iron
62
Reason for population growth in the 18th century
Decline in death rate because of new medication | Growth in birthrate because an early marriages and migration(urban growth)
63
Urban life in 19 century
City life was dirty
64
Chartist goals
``` first: universal manhood suffrage Second: secret ballot third: equal electoral districts Four: pay for members of Parliament (no property) fifth: annual elections ```
65
Goals of Congress of Vienna
To resolve mutual foriegn policies One: restore balance of power Two: restore old monarchy Third: reduce France to original borders
66
Leader of Congress of Vienna
Metternich
67
Provisions of Karlsbad decrees
Order by Metternich to stop German nationalism, government controls. Dissolved burshenchaften
68
Thomas Malthus
"The principles of population" | growth needs to be in check
69
David Ricardo
"Iron law of wages" people would have more kids if they had more money
70
How to answer a DBQ
Thesis: three points Three points: 8 documents used Conclusion: summarize

Ap European History First Semester (1 decks)

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