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PMCOL 200 > all drugs midterm #2 > Flashcards

all drugs midterm #2 Flashcards

for all drugs, name the receptor target, treatment/use, and type of mechanism (47 cards)

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1
Q

propanol
type of drug?
effect?
pharmacological use?

A

beta blocker
decrease blood pressure
prophylactic migraines

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2
Q

gabapentin
type of drug?
effect?
pharmacological use?

A

anticonvulsant
block pain transmission
migraine prophylactic

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3
Q

amitriptyline
type of drug?
effect?
pharmacological use?

A

antidepressant
blocks SERT (SSRI)
prophylactic migraine

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4
Q

caffeine
target and action?
effect on vessels?

A

adenosine receptor antagonist
vasoconstriction
migraines

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5
Q 
ergotamines
site of action and mode of action? 
possible side effect?
use?
excretion?
A

5BT-1b/d agonist
coronary vasoconstriction
migraines
bile

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6
Q 
triptans 
site of action and mechanism?
what does it do to improve migraines?
what enzyme in the liver metabolizes
excretion?
A 
5-HT1b/d selective agonist
vasoconstriction and inhibition of trigeminal nerve
monoamine oxidase
urine
migraines
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7
Q

BIBN4096 Olcegepant
issues?
abandonment phase?
mechanism

A

poor bioavailability
abandoned at Phase II
CGRP antagonist
migraines

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8
Q

MK-0974 Telcagepant
issues?
abandoned at what phase?
mechanism?

A

elevation of aminotransferase
abandoned at Phase III
CGRP antagonist
migraines

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9
Q

Rimegepant (Nurtek)

mechanism?

A

CGRP antagonist

migraines

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10
Q 
Lysergamides
where do they come from?
type of hallucinogen? 
target? 
activates what in G pathway?
A

ergot alkaloids
classical hallucinogen
5HT-2a partial agonist
phospholipase A2

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11
Q

Psilocybin
site of action, mechanism and affinity
type of drug
metabolized to ___

A

5HT-2b/c high affinity, and 5HT-2a low-affinity partial agonist
prodrug
psilocin
classical hallucinogen

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12
Q

Phencyclidine
type of hallucinogen
mechanisms and sites of action

A

dissociative hallucinogen

NMDA receptor antagonist & dopamine transporter inhibitor

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13
Q

nitrous oxide
type of hallucinogen
mechanisms (3)

A

dissociative
non-competitive NMDA antagonist
stimulate the endogenous opioid release
positive allosteric modulator of GABA

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14
Q

datura stanmonium
tropane alkaloids within this plant?
mechanism
type of hallucinogens

A

scopolamine, atropine
antagonist at muscarinic cholinergic
deliriant

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15
Q

pencillin
type of antibiotic
target and action

A

cell wall inhibitor beta lactam

inhibits cell wall by inhibiting DD-transpeptidase

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16
Q 
cephalosporins 
type of antibiotic
function and mechanism
A

cell wall inhibitor betta lactam

inhibits cell wall by inhibiting DD-transpeptidase

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17
Q

vancomycin
type of antibiotic
mechanism

A

cell wall inhibitor

inhibits peptidoglycan cross linking

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18
Q

sulfonamides and trimethoprim
mode of action?
type of antibiotic?

A

resemble PABA and dihydrofolic acid

folic acid inhibitor

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19
Q

chloramphenicol and macrolides
type of antibiotic
mechanism

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A

protein synthesis inhbitors

bind to 50S subunit and block transpeptidation

20
Q

tetracyclines
where do they bind
what kind of antibiotic
mechanism

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A

30s subunit
protein synthesis inhibitor
prevent binding of tRNA

21
Q

aminoglycosides
type of antibiotic?
binding site?
actions

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A

protein synthesis inhibtion
30s ribosomal subunit
block initiation of complex, cause misreading, inhibit translocation

22
Q

TRV250
site of action mechanism
function

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A

delta-opioid receptor biased agonist
benefits without seizure liability
opioid

23
Q 
CR845 
function and site
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A

kappa agonist
analgesic
opioid

24
Q 
methodone
site of action 
function and use
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A

mu opioid agonist

opioid use disorder

25
buprenorphine site of action and mechanism use
partial agonist at mu opioid antagonist at kappa and delta agonist replacement therapy
26
naloxone | mechanism and sitr?
non-selective competitive opioid antagonist
27
codeine type of drug metabolized by ____ into _____
prodrug | CYP2D6, morphine
28
morphine | metabolized by___
UGT2B7
29
beta-endorphins, enkephalins, dynorphins | type of opioid
endogenous opioid receptors
30
THC site and mechanism metabolized by ____
partial agonist at CB1 | cytochrome P450 2C9
31
CBD | site of action and mechanism
negative allosteric modulator at CB1
32
Nabilone and Dronabilone type of drug mechanism
synthetic cannabinoids | partial agonist at CB1
33
nabiximols (sativex) | mixture
1:1 TBH anf cannabinol
34
rimonabant site of action use
inverse agonist at CB1 | obesity
35
``` AEA and 2-AG site of action and mechanism where does it come from type of neurotransmitter broken down by ____ ```
CB1 endocannabinoid (made in vivo) retrograde FAAH and MAGL
36
benzodiazepine mechanism and site of action what does it do to this receptor increases potency or efficacy
positive allosteric modulator at GABA receptors increases the frequency at which the GABA receptor opens increases potency seizure
37
barbiturates mechanism and site of action what does it do to this receptor increases potency or efficacy
positive allosteric modulator at GABA increase duration that GABA is open increases efficacy seizure
38
vigabatrin what does it treat site and mechanism
seizures | inhibits GABA aminotransaminase
39
tiagabine mechanism and site of action treatment for ___
inhibits GABA transporter | seizures
40
gabapentin | mechanism and site
inhibits voltage-gated Ca channels, reducing neurotransmitter release seizures
41
perampel | mechanism of action
non-competitive antagonist at AMPA | seizures
42
reserpine what was it used for what did it cause and how
antihypertensive drug | caused depression because it depletes neurons of dopamine and norepinephrine
43
ipronoazid | mechanism
inhibits monoamine oxidase which breaks down amines | depression
44
``` selective reuptake inhibitors ex) fluoxetine function mechanism of action ```
inhibit serotonin or noradrenaline transporters to increase extracellular concentration of these neurotransmitters depression
45
ketamine | site and mechanism of action
noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist | opioid and depression
46
haloperidol mechanism type of antipsychotic type of kinetics
D2 receptor antagonisr first generation fast on slow off depression
47
chlopromazine mechanism type of antipsychotic Kinetic type
D2 receptor antagonist frist generation fastt on fast off

PMCOL 200 (12 decks)

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