All Lectures Flashcards by Matt Decker

Oleaginous

Oily or Greasy

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Drug into skin depends on…

pressure applied, surface area covered, condition of skin, base used, occlusive dressing

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Paste

thick, stiff ointment that does not flow at body temperature, used as a protective coat, 20% solid

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Ointment

soften at body temp, spread easily, re-hydrate skin,

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Cream

applied to a soft, cosmetically acceptable area, active ingredient is suspended or dissolved, have a drying effect

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Epidermic
Endodermic
Diadermic

Little skin penetration, OIl
to dermis, absorpt. bases
though skin, water soluble emulsion

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Absorptive Bases
Oleaginous
Water soluble

Aquaphor
White Pet.
Polyethylene Glycol ung

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Levigation

for incorporating insoluble powders, example: wet powder and then add to white pet.

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Levigating agents

Glycol’s, Oils (mineral)

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Stiffening Agents

waxes and hard fats

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Water soluble bases

PEG 3350

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Modified release products provide…

1) Delayed Release

2) Extended Release

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Extended Release

release at a predetermined rate, duration and location to achieve optimum blood levels, constant level of drug, less side effects

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Delayed Release

designed to pass through the stomach unaltered, release med. in intestinal tract

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Repeat Action

2 doses, 1 for immediate release, 2 for delayed release

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Targeted Release

to a body region

Extended Release Technology

phthalates for enteric or colonic drug delivery

Coated beads, microspheres

drug is distributed into beads, small release fastest, big release slowest

Multi-tablet System

each cap. contains mini-tablets for immediate and delayed release

Slowly eroding or hydrophilic matrix system

slowly erodes in body fluids, progressively releasing drug for absorption

Ion Exchange Resin

release is dependent on pH and electrolyte conc.

release better in acidic environment

Osmotic Pump

Oros system, like a syringe in your stomach

Drug release rate altered by…

surface area, thickness and composition of membrane, diameter of drug release orifice

bioadhesion:
diffusion
electronic
wetting
fracture
adsorption

entanglement of polymer
attractive forces
getting wet
force 2 separate 2 surface
secondary chemical bonds

Gelatin

used to adhere buccal route quickly

Why ODT?

faster OA, improved compliance, better taste, | common and unique

Lozenges

medial agent and flavor, softer texture b/c of high sugar content or PEG, hard lozenge from hard candy bases, for local treatment, easy to administer, can be gummy

Hard Lozenges

are hydroscopic so take up moisture from environment, need to be protected from humidity,

Suppositories

Oil Soluble Bases

Cocoa butter, four forms, melt at 34-35C, 3-7 minutes to liquify

Hydrogenated Veggie Oil Bases

Fattibase, 35-37C | Wecobee / Witepsol 3-7 minutes to liquify

Water Soluble Bases

PEG suppositories, can be formulated to adapt to what chemist needs, 30-50 minutes to liquify

Suppository Prep: Fusion Method

heat base, add ingredient then pour into mold and cool

Prep of active drug

max excipeint is 30% of blank weight of suppository, 2ml size can hold 600mg of drug

to maximize release of drug...

water soluble drugs should be placed in oil soluble bases and vise versa