All Lessons

Question 1

This are the invaders that sabotage our cells.

Answer 1

Viruses

Question 2

He discovered that a transforming factor could be transferred into a bacterial cell.

Answer 2

Frederick Griffith

Question 3

What do u call a process were some harmless bacteria were converted to disease - causing bacteria.

Answer 3

Transformation

Question 4

Who uses the bacteriophages to show that DNA is the genetic material.

Answer 4

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase

Question 5

This are the viruses that infect bacterial cells.

Answer 5

Bacteriophages

Question 6

This were labeled with radioactive sulfur to detect proteins or radioactive phosphorus to detect DNA.

Answer 6

Phages

Question 7

DNA & RNA are polymers called ________??

Answer 7

Polynucleotides

Question 8

What are the 2 nitrogenous bases?

Answer 8

1.Pyrimidines , cytosine and Thymine
2.Purines ,adenine and guanine

Question 9

He showed that most samples of DNA the Percentages of Cytosine and Guanine were equal.

Answer 9

Erwin Chargaff

Question 10

They deduced the secondary structure of DNA with the X-ray crystallography data from Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins.

Answer 10

James D. Watson & Francis Crick

Question 11

What are the 3 primary functions that was expected to Fullfill from the time biologist first considered DNA as the genetic material.

Answer 11

1. Storage of Genetic Information
   2.Replication and Inheritance
2. Expression of the genetic message

Question 12

It adds nucleotides to a growing chain.

Answer 12

DNA polymerase

Question 13

It joins small fragments into a continuous chain.

Answer 13

DNA ligase

Question 14

They found a series of mutants that could not produce the amino acid arginine.

Answer 14

George Beadle & Edward Tatum

Question 15

It catalyzes the reaction.

Answer 15

RNA polymerase

Question 16

What are the stages of transcription.

Answer 16

Initiation
Elongation
Termination

Question 17

It is a stages of transcription where RNA polymerase binds to a promoter where the helix unwinds and transcription starts.

Answer 17

Initiation

Question 18

It is a stage of transcription where RNA nucleotides are added to the chain.

Answer 18

Elongation

Question 19

It is a stage were RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence and detaches from the template.

Answer 19

Termination

Question 20

It contains codons for protein sequences.

Answer 20

mRNA

Question 21

Eukaryotic mRNA has interrupting sequences called - - - - - - - , separating the coding region called - - - - - .

Answer 21

Introns

Exons

Question 22

It is the removal of introns and joining of exons to produce a continuous coding sequence.

Answer 22

RNA splicing

Question 23

It is a molecules match an amino acids to its corresponding mRNA codon.

Answer 23

tRNA

Question 24

It is a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA.

Answer 24

Mutation

Question 25

It is a mutation were can cause errors in DNA replication.

Answer 25

Spontaneous

Question 26

What are the type of Mutation.

Answer 26

Frameshift mutation Missense mutations Nonsense mutations

Question 27

It is a addition or deletion of one base.

Answer 27

Frameshift mutation

Question 28

Only one amino acids is changed.

Answer 28

Missense mutation

Question 29

Shorter than longer protein.

Answer 29

Nonsense mutation

Question 30

SHe discovered the first transposons in 1940s .

Answer 30

Barbara McClintock

Question 31

Transposons inhibit pigment production in corn kernels producing a variegated pattern called ______?

Answer 31

Indian corn

Question 32

She was an American scientists and cytogeneticist who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

Answer 32

Barbara McClintock

Question 33

What are the 3 mechanism that allow transfer of bacterial DNA.

Answer 33

1.Transformation 2. Transduction 3. Conjugation

Question 34

It is the uptake of DNA from the surrounding environment

Answer 34

Transformation

Question 35

It is gene transfer through bacteriophages

Answer 35

Transduction

Question 36

It is the transfer of DNA from a donor to a recipient bacterial cell through a cytoplasmic bridge.

Answer 36

Conjugation

Question 37

It is a small circular DNA molecules that are separate from the bacterial chromosome.

Answer 37

Plasmids

Question 38

It is involved in conjugation.

Answer 38

F factor

Question 39

It transfer genes for antibiotic resistance by conjugation.

Answer 39

R plasmids

Question 40

What are the 2 types of reproductive cycles.

Answer 40

Lytic cycle and Lysogenic cycle

Question 41

It is a viral particles are produced using host cell components.

Answer 41

Lytic cycle

Question 42

It is a viral DNA is inserted into the host chromosome by recombination.

Answer 42

Lysogenic cycle

Question 43

What do you call an inserted phage in DNA.

Answer 43

Prophage

Question 44

It is a circular RNA molecules that infect plants.

Answer 44

Viroids

Question 45

It is a infectious proteins that cause brain diseases in animals.

Answer 45

Prions

Question 46

Who discovered the nucleic acid?

Answer 46

Friedrich Miescher

Question 47

It is a biopolymer found in cell.

Answer 47

Nucleic acid

Question 48

She discover the double helix of DNA.

Answer 48

Rosalind Franklin

Question 49

They published numerous scientific papers , further to DNA structure.

Answer 49

James Watson & Francis Crick

Question 50

What are the 2 types of nucleic acid?

Answer 50

DNA AND RNA

Question 51

It can't cause any diseases ( R cells)

Answer 51

Avirulent

Question 52

It can cause diseases ( S cells)

Answer 52

Virulent