All Terms

Question 1

Natural Environment Teaching (NET)

Answer 1

a child center approach to ABA that involves teaching in a natural setting

Ex: teaching identifying nose, by playing a game of simon says and follow the instructions to touch their nose.

Question 2

Chaining

Answer 2

a teaching technique used in ABA therapy to break down complex tasks into smaller more manageable steps

Ex: washing hands, brushing teeth, getting dressed

Question 3

Shaping

Answer 3

a teaching technique in ABA that help people learn new skills or modify existing behaviors. its a systematic approach that breaks down a desired behavior into smaller steps an reinforces each step as the learner progresses.

Ex: Teaching a child the word “Bubble” reinforce each time they say “Buh” until they learn the word and can say entire word.

Question 4

Discrimination Training

Answer 4

A learning technique that teaches people to differentiate between stimuli and respond appropriately to them.

Ex: teaching to identify the color blue by presenting them with two objects one red and one blue

Question 5

Differential Reinforcement

Answer 5

A behavior modification technique used in ABA to encourage desired behaviors while discouraging undesired ones.

Question 6

DRA

Answer 6

reinforced after every desired behavior

Question 7

DRO

Answer 7

Reinforced for desired behavior after a specified period of time

Question 8

DRI

Answer 8

Reinforcing a behavior that is incompatible with the problem behavior while reinforcement for then problem behavior

Ex: a child who twiddles their hair while watching TV can be reinforced for cuddling a teddy bear instead.

Question 9

Extinction

Answer 9

A procedure that involves stopping the reinforcement of a behavior that was previously reinforced

Ex: ignoring screaming, turning of TV

Question 10

Client Dignity

Answer 10

a fundamental right that involves treating clients with respect and dignity regardless of their circumstances, abilities or challenges

Question 12

Stimulus Control Transfer

Answer 12

teaching individuals to respond to a specific stimuli in their environment

Ex: Saying dog when prompted, then gradually when shown a picture and then with a real dog

Question 12

Prompting

Answer 12

a strategy that uses cues or assistance to help learners respond correctly to an instruction or question

Question 13

TOP: Verbal

Answer 13

“Please pick up your toys”

Question 14

TOP: Modeling

Answer 14

Showing someone how to do something

Question 14

TOP: Physical

Answer 14

Gently guiding learners body to preform action

Question 14

TOP: Gestural

Answer 14

Pointing to Location or item

Question 15

TOP: Textual

Answer 15

Written text that describes how to do something

Question 16

TOP: Visual

Answer 16

Use of visual aids, like pictures, schedules etc.

Question 17

Crisis and Emergency

Answer 17

an unexpected and potentially dangerous situation that requires immediate intervention to ensure safety.

Question 18

Antecedent Interventions

Answer 18

strategies used in ABA therapy to modify the environment before challenging behavior occurs

Ex: child frequently elopes for chair, chair is moved to corner

Question 19

Time Sampling

Answer 19

A data collection method in ABA that involves observing behavior at specific intervals rather than continuously

Ex: the interval is 10 mins long, observer might set an alarm for the 9 min mark and observe

Question 20

Mand

Answer 20

A request or demand

Ex: saying water to indiacte they want a drink or “i want water” to be more specific

Question 21

Tact

Answer 21

A label

Ex: identifying an object, action or event

Question 22

Whole Interval

Answer 22

To measure behaviors that occur continuously over a period of time Ex: Observing a child playtime behavior by recording if the child plays with a specific toy for the entire 3 min interval

Question 23

Partial Interval

Answer 23

Data collection method used in ABA to observe if a behavior occurs at any point within a specific time interval

Question 24

Momentary Measuring

Answer 24

Measuring and analyzing behavior Ex: measuring how often a student falls asleep during a lecture. the professor checks if the students head is don at the end of a 15 min interval

Question 25

Intraverbals

Answer 25

Verbal responses to other verbal stimuli that are not exactly the same as the original stimuli Ex: Answering questions, telling stories, recalling memory, small talk, fill in responses

Question 26

Continuous Measurement

Answer 26

method used in ABA to track every instance a behavior over a specified period of time Ex: counting how many times a child raises their hand in class

Question 27

Discontinuous Measurement

Answer 27

A data collection method used in ABA to estimate the occurrence of behavior within specific time intervals Ex: partial and whole interval

Question 28

ABC data

Answer 28

Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence

Question 29

Antecedent

Answer 29

Event, action or circumstance that occur before behavior

Question 30

Behavior

Answer 30

Observable measurable actions or reaction of individual

Question 31

Consequence

Answer 31

The action or response that follows the behavior

Question 32

Discrete Trial Training (DTT)

Answer 32

A structured teaching method used i ABA that breaks down skills into smaller components and teaches them one by one Ex: a trainer might ask a child to point to red object and reward them for a correct response. they can then move onto yellow and eventually ask the child about both colors

Question 33

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 33

Involves adding something desirable or enjoyable after a behavior Ex: a snack, verbal praise, or a toy

Question 34

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 34

This involves removing or stopping something undesirable after a behavior

Question 35

Differential Reinforcement

Question 36

Contingent Reinforcement

Answer 36

This involves selectively reinforcing desired behavior while withholding reinforcement for undesired behavior

Question 37

Non- Contingent Reinforcement

Answer 37

This involves giving a reward regardless of task completion

Question 38

Operational Definition

Answer 38

A clear concise and measurable description of a behavior

Question 39

Motivation Operations

Answer 39

Events that can encourage or prevent a specific behavior

Question 40

Fixed Ratio

Answer 40

Reinforcement after a constant number of correct responses

Question 41

Event Recording

Answer 41

Number of times a target behavior occurs and a time period

Question 42

Deprivation

Answer 42

not having something often enough and in return increases the effectiveness of it when used as a reinforcer

Question 43

FOB: Automatic/Sensory

Answer 43

providing self-stimulation and is automatically reinforced

Question 44

FOB: Escape

Answer 44

avoiding or escaping a demand or undesirable task

Question 45

FOB: Attention

Answer 45

can be socially mediated and seeks attention in any way from others;

Question 46

FOB: Access

Answer 46

tangible, wanting a preferred item

Question 47

Echoic

Answer 47

verbal imitation; repeating the speaker

Question 48

Error-less Teaching

Answer 48

prompt the correct response as soon as you give the Sd. Essentially, you are not giving the client a chance to make an error.

Question 49

Functions of Behavior (FOB)

Answer 49

Used when determining why an individual engages in certain behavior. ABA identifies 4 functions of a behavior: Escape, Access (tangibles), Attention and Sensory (automatic reinforcement).

Question 50

Imitation

Answer 50

Copying someone’s motor movements

Question 51

Latency

Answer 51

The time between when the Sd is presented, and the response is given.

Question 52

Prompt Fading

Answer 52

gradually removing prompt levels needed or fading out the intrusiveness.

Question 53

Discriminative Stimulus (SD)

Answer 53

a cue that signals reinforcement is available if the subject makes a particular response (Demand or Instruction).

Question 54

Generalization

Answer 54

change occurs when that behavior occurs outside of the learning environment. Generalization can happen across settings, time and across people and exists when the behavior occurs in these various environments.

Question 55

Forward Chaining

Answer 55

Teaching skill steps one at a time from the first step to the last and prompting all steps after the step being taught. Reinforcement after teaching step and at the end of the task.

Question 56

Preference Assessment

Answer 56

Assessment to determine what a child is motivated by.