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Medicine > All the dates > Flashcards

All the dates Flashcards

1
Q

When was the Brodie helmet introduced?

A

1915

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2
Q

By when had the cause of trench fever been identified as contact with lice?

A

1918

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3
Q

When was chlorine gas first introduced, by the Germans?

A

1915 (at the 2nd battle of Ypres)

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4
Q

When were gas masks given to all British troops?

A

July 1915.

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5
Q

When was phosgene gas first used?

A

At the end of 1915 (near Ypres)

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6
Q

When was mustard gas first introduced, by the Germans?

A

1917

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7
Q

From what year were there nurses at dressing stations?

A

1915

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8
Q

When did Base hospitals regain the role (from Casualty Clearing Stations) of being the most important places for efforts to reduce risk of infection?

A

March 1918

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9
Q

By when in the Middle Ages were there 1,100 hospitals?

A

1500

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10
Q

When did the Medieval government introduce littering fines?

A

1347

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11
Q

When did the Medieval government introduce quarantine laws to stop people spreading the plague?

A

1348

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12
Q

When did Medieval authorities stop cleaning streets, because they believed that the miasma of rubbish, sewage and rotting bodies would drive off the Black Death?

A

1348

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13
Q

By when was the 4 Humours well discredited?

A

1700

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14
Q

When was Henry VIII’s dissolution of monasteries?

A

1536

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15
Q

When did Henry VIII reopen St. Bart’s hospital?

A

1546

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16
Q

When was the Great Plague?

A

1665-6

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17
Q

People thought that an unusual alignment of Mars and Saturn in __ may have caused the Great Plague.

A

1664

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18
Q

When did Johannes Gutenberg invent the printing press?

A

1440

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19
Q

When did Paracelsus claim that disease was caused by chemical imbalances within the body?

A

1526

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20
Q

When did Vesalius publish “Six Anatomical Tables”?

A

1537

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21
Q

When did Vesalius publish “The Fabric of the Human Body”?

A

1543

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22
Q

When did Francestro suggest that miasma was actually seeds in the air in “On Contagion”?

A

1546

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23
Q

When did the College of Physicians publish the Pharmacopoeia Londinensis?

A

1618

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24
Q

Antimony potassium tartrate became popular after __, when it was said to cure Louis XIV of France of typhoid fever.

A

1657

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25
Q

When was Edmund Colthurst’s water project commenced?

A

1602

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26
Q

When was Edmund Colthurst’s water project refunded by Hugh Myddelton?

A

1609

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27
Q

When did Edmund Colthurst’s water project receive royal backing from James I?

A

1613

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28
Q

When did Van Helmont claim that it was stomach acid, not the 4 humours, that was responsible for digestion?

A

1648

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29
Q

When did Thomas Sydenham theorise that disease came in families in “Observations Medicae”?

A

1676

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30
Q

When did Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek develop microscopes powerful enough to see “animalcules”?

A

1683

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31
Q

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek developed microscopes powerful enough to see “animalcules”. When did he publish his findings?

A

1702

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32
Q

When was the Royal Society created? When did it receive approval from King James?

A

1660, 1662

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33
Q

When did the Royal Society begin publishing the scientific journal “Philosophical Transactions”?

A

1665

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34
Q

When did James Gutenberg create the world’s first printing press?

A

1440

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35
Q

By when were there were hundreds of printing presses in Europe?

A

1500

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36
Q

When did Lady Mary Montagu introduce inoculation to Europe?

A

The 1720s

37
Q

When did Edward Jenner develop the smallpox vaccine?

A

1796

38
Q

When did Edwin Chadwick publish his “Report on the Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population of Great Britain”?

A

1842

39
Q

When did James Simpson discover chloroform’s power as an anaesthetic?

A

1847

40
Q

When did John Snow invent the chloroform dispenser?

A

1848

41
Q

When was Florence Nightingale a nurse in a Crimean war field hospital?

A

1853-6

42
Q

When did Florence Nightingale set up the Nightingale School for Nurses?

A

1860

43
Q

When did John Snow administer chloroform to Queen Victoria?

A

1851

44
Q

When did John Snow publish “On the Mode of Communication of Cholera”?

A

1848

45
Q

When did John Snow publish his spot map of cholera deaths in Soho?

A

1854

46
Q

When did Pasteur publish his germ theory?

A

1861

47
Q

When did Joseph Lister discover carbolic acid’s power as an antiseptic?

A

1865

48
Q

When did John Tyndall give a lecture that linked Pasteur’s work to that of Joseph Lister?

A

1870

49
Q

When did Pasteur develop a chicken cholera vaccine?

A

1879

50
Q

When did Robert Koch begin methodising how to identify germs linked to specific diseases?

A

The 1880s

51
Q

When did Robert Koch discover the TB germ?

A

1882

52
Q

When did Robert Koch discover the cholera germ?

A

1883

53
Q

By __, scientists were using Koch’s work to search for specific cures.

A

1900

54
Q

When did William Watson Cheyne publish “antiseptic surgery”?

A

1882

55
Q

When did Emil Von Behring develop a vaccine against tetanus and diphtheria?

A

1890

56
Q

When did Dr. Bastien die?

A

1915

57
Q

When was the meningitis germ discovered?

A

1884

58
Q

When was the plague germ (yersinia pestis) discovered?

A

1894

59
Q

When did Queen Victoria use chloroform during the birth of her son?

A

1853

60
Q

By when were aseptic conditions in hospitals, and aseptic surgery, widespread?

A

1900

61
Q

When was inoculation made a crime?

A

1840

62
Q

When did the government introduce smallpox vaccinations? When were these made compulsory?

A

1840, 1852

63
Q

When were public vaccinators introduced?

A

1871

64
Q

When were the 1st and 2nd Public Health Acts passed?

A

1848, 1875

65
Q

When was the Great Stink in London?

A

1858

66
Q

When did John Snow present his findings to the government?

A

1855

67
Q

When were there smallpox outbreaks in the UK?

A

1722, 1723, 1740-2 and 1837-40

68
Q

By __, 100,000 people worldwide had been vaccinated.

A

1800

69
Q

When did Archibald Garrod theorise that hereditary diseases are caused by missing information in the body’s chemical pathways?

A

1902

70
Q

When did Paul Ehrlich discover the first chemical cure, Salvarsan 606?

A

1909

71
Q

When did Alexander Fleming discover penicillin?

A

1928

72
Q

When did Gerhard Domagk discover prontosil’s power as an antibiotic?

A

1932

73
Q

When did British scientists develop M+B 693?

A

1938

74
Q

When was streptomycin discovered?

A

1943

75
Q

When did Rosalind Franklin photograph DNA?

A

1951

76
Q

When did Watson + Crick publish a paper proving an understanding of the structure of DNA?

A

1953

77
Q

When was the Human Genome Project run?

A

1990-2000

78
Q

When was the vaccination against diphtheria discovered?

A

1942

79
Q

When was the vaccination against whooping cough discovered?

A

1950

80
Q

When was the vaccination against tetanus discovered?

A

1961

81
Q

When did the government set up the Ministry of Health?

A

1919

82
Q

When did the Beveridge Report suggest that the government had a duty to provide for the population’s welfare?

A

1942

83
Q

When was the NHS set up?

A

1948

84
Q

By the __, there were NHS hospitals all throughout the UK

A

1960s

85
Q

When was the ban on TV cigarette ads?

A

1965

86
Q

When was the total ban on cigarette ads?

A

2005

87
Q

When was the smoking ban in all public places?

A

2007

88
Q

When was the legal age of buying tobacco changed from 16 to 18 ?

A

2007

89
Q

When was it made illegal to display cigarettes in a shop?

A

2012

Medicine (29 decks)

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