All_Anatomical_Structures_flashcards

Question 1

Orbicularis Oris

Answer 1

Opens, protrudes, inverts, and twists the lips.

Question 2

Zygomaticus Major

Answer 2

Moves upper lip upward and outward.

Question 3

Zygomaticus Minor

Answer 3

Elevates upper lip.

Question 4

Levator Labii Superioris

Answer 4

Elevates and retracts lips.

Question 5

Levator Anguli Oris

Answer 5

Raises corners of lips.

Question 6

Depressor Anguli Oris

Answer 6

Depresses lower lip, draws angle of mouth down and inward.

Question 7

Depressor Labii Inferioris

Answer 7

Depresses lower lip.

Question 8

Mentalis

Answer 8

Pushes up lower lip and raises chin.

Question 9

Risorius

Answer 9

Draws angle of mouth outward, causes dimples.

Question 10

Buccinator

Answer 10

Flattens cheek, holds food in contact with teeth.

Question 11

Mylohyoid

Answer 11

Elevates tongue/floor of mouth; depresses jaw if hyoid fixed.

Question 12

Geniohyoid

Answer 12

Draws hyoid forward and depresses mandible when hyoid is fixed.

Question 13

Anterior Belly of Digastric

Answer 13

Raises hyoid or depresses jaw depending on fixation.

Question 14

Vertical Muscle (tongue)

Answer 14

Flattens and widens tongue tip.

Question 15

Transverse Muscle (tongue)

Answer 15

Narrows and elongates tongue.

Question 16

Inferior Longitudinal Muscle

Answer 16

Creates convex shape and depresses tongue tip.

Question 17

Styloglossus

Answer 17

Retracts and elevates tongue.

Question 18

Genioglossus

Answer 18

Protrudes/depresses tongue; elevates hyoid.

Question 19

Hyoglossus

Answer 19

Depresses tongue.

Question 20

Levator Veli Palatini

Answer 20

Elevates velum to close nasopharynx.

Question 21

Tensor Veli Palatini

Answer 21

Stretches/tenses velum.

Question 22

Palatoglossus

Answer 22

Raises back of tongue; narrows fauces.

Question 23

Palatopharyngeus

Answer 23

Elevates pharynx; closes nasopharynx.

Question 24

Uvular Muscle

Answer 24

Shortens and raises the uvula.

Question 25

Superior Constrictor

Answer 25

Forms upper pharyngeal wall; initiates bolus movement.

Question 26

Middle Constrictor

Answer 26

Contracts pharynx to push bolus downward.

Question 27

Inferior Constrictor

Answer 27

Moves bolus toward esophagus.

Question 28

Stylopharyngeus

Answer 28

Elevates and widens pharynx.

Question 29

Salpingopharyngeus

Answer 29

Elevates lateral pharyngeal wall.

Question 30

Cricopharyngeus

Answer 30

Relaxes to open UES during swallow.

Question 31

Posterior Cricoarytenoid

Answer 31

Abducts (opens) vocal folds.

Question 32

Lateral Cricoarytenoid

Answer 32

Adducts (closes) vocal folds.

Question 33

Transverse Arytenoid

Answer 33

Adducts vocal folds.

Question 34

Oblique Arytenoid

Answer 34

Assists vocal fold adduction and folds.

Question 35

Thyroarytenoid

Answer 35

Relaxes vocal folds.

Question 36

Vocalis

Answer 36

Fine control of vocal fold tension.

Question 37

Cricothyroid

Answer 37

Tightens and elongates vocal folds.

Question 38

Mandible

Answer 38

Lower jaw bone involved in chewing.

Question 39

Maxilla

Answer 39

Forms the hard palate.

Question 40

Dentition

Answer 40

24 deciduous and 32 permanent teeth used in chewing.

Question 41

Soft Palate (Velum)

Answer 41

Elevates to prevent nasal regurgitation.

Question 42

Uvula

Answer 42

Raises with soft palate during swallow.

Question 43

Faucial Arches

Answer 43

Trigger zone for the pharyngeal swallow.

Question 44

Floor of Mouth

Answer 44

Base for tongue; includes muscles for swallow.

Question 45

Hyoid Bone

Answer 45

Anchors tongue; elevates during swallow; no bone articulation.

Question 46

Thyroid Cartilage

Answer 46

Forms front wall of larynx.

Question 47

Cricoid Cartilage

Answer 47

Ring-shaped cartilage at base of larynx.

Question 48

Arytenoid Cartilages

Answer 48

Control movement of vocal folds.

Question 49

Epiglottis

Answer 49

Protects airway by folding during swallow.

Question 50

Valleculae

Answer 50

Space between tongue base and epiglottis.

Question 51

Pyriform Sinuses

Answer 51

Pharyngeal recesses on each side of larynx.

Question 52

Laryngeal Vestibule

Answer 52

Entrance to larynx; includes aryepiglottic folds.

Question 53

Trachea

Answer 53

Airway below larynx.

Question 54

True Vocal Folds

Answer 54

Vibrate for sound; protect airway.

Question 55

False Vocal Folds

Answer 55

Help close airway during swallow.

Question 56

Upper Esophageal Sphincter (UES)

Answer 56

Opens during swallow; formed by cricopharyngeus.

Question 57

Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES)

Answer 57

Prevents reflux from stomach into esophagus.

Question 58

Esophageal Muscle Layers

Answer 58

Inner circular and outer longitudinal; propel bolus.