Allergic Rhinitis (Exam 3)

Question 1

Rhinitis

Answer 1

Inflammatory response in nasal passages to allergens
atopic allergic disease

Question 2

how is allergic rhinitis initiated? and what happens?

Answer 2

initiated by exposure of nasal mucosa to airborne antigens

evokes IgE production

Question 3

what is released due to allergic rhinitis

Answer 3

histamine
leukotrienes
B4, C4, D4, E4
prostaglandins
kinins
kininogen
serotonin

Question 4

is rhinitis and allergic rhinitis the same?

Answer 4

No!

Question 5

allergic rhinitis

Answer 5

induction of rhinitis symptoms after allergen exposure by an IgE mediated immune reaction

Question 6

symptoms of rhinitis

Answer 6

itching
nasal discharge
sneezing
nasal airway obstruction

Question 7

common forms of rhinitis

Answer 7

allergic
infectious
non-allergic
non allergic with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES)
chronic rhino sinusitis with/without poylps

Question 8

chronic rhino sinusitis with/without poylps

Answer 8

hypertrophic, inflammatory disorder that can affect allergic/non allergic individuals

Question 9

drug induced rhinitis

Answer 9

aspirin
some vasodilators

Question 10

less common forms of rhinitis

Answer 10

occupational
drug induced
hormonal
food induced
cold air induced
atrophic

Question 11

non allergic, non infectious rhinitis

Answer 11

poorly defined
non inflammatory (sensorineural hyper responsiveness, hyperesthesia, dysautonomia)
local allergic reaction

Question 12

mucus

Answer 12

slippery polymeric aqueous secretion produced by mucous membranes

Question 13

mucus is secreted from ___________ which contain ________________

Answer 13

mixed glands

both serous and mucous glands

Question 14

mucus is a

Answer 14

viscous colloid

Question 15

mucus contains

Answer 15

inorganic salts
antimicrobial enzymes
immunoglobulins
glycoproteins

Question 16

mucus is produced by

Answer 16

goblet cells in the mucous membranes and submucosal glands

Question 17

mucus is one of the body’s _______________ of defense systems

Answer 17

first line

Question 18

deep sneezing

Answer 18

released trapped microbes

Question 19

if one side of the nose is congested,

Answer 19

air passes through the open nostril (decongested side)

Question 20

when one nostril is congested, does it stay congested?

Answer 20

no!

sides alternate between being wide open and narrowed

Question 21

patients must experience at least __________ symptoms for an _________________ on most days to be diagnosed with allergic rhinitis

Answer 21

two

hour or more

Question 22

symptoms of allergic rhinitis

Answer 22

unusual sensation in the nose/watery eyes
nasal itching
sneezing
runny nose
obstruction in the nasal passage

Question 23

antihistamines for allergic rhinitis

Answer 23

class 1-3 H1 antagonists
olopantadine
azelastine

Question 24

decongestants for allergic rhinitis

Answer 24

phenylephrine
naphazoline
oxymetazoline
pseudoephedrine

Question 25

corticosteroids for allergic rhinitis

Answer 25

beclomethasone budesonide flunisolide mometasone fluticasone triamcinolone

Question 26

leukotriene antagonists for allergic rhinitis

Answer 26

montelukast

Question 27

ARIA classification

Answer 27

intermittent persistent mild moderate to severe

Question 28

intermittent ARIA classification

Answer 28

less than four days less than 4 weeks

Question 29

persistent ARIA classification

Answer 29

over 4 days/week more than 4 weeks

Question 30

mild ARIA classification

Answer 30

normal sleep no impairment of daily activities no troublesome symptoms

Question 31

moderate severe

Answer 31

abnormal sleep impairment of daily activities troublesome symptoms

Question 32

guidelines of ARIA is on the basis of

Answer 32

duration of intermittent/persistent disease severity of symptoms and quality of life as mild/moderate severe

Question 33

primary diagnosis of allergic rhinitis

Answer 33

detailed personal/family allergic history intranasal examination - anterior rhinos copy allergic skin tests and/or in vitro specific IgE tests

Question 34

secondary diagnosis of allergic rhinitis

Answer 34

nasal secretion/scraping cytology nasal allergen challenge nasal endoscopy CT scan

Question 35

what type of test is used for allergic rhinitis

Answer 35

allergy skin prick testing (right positive result)

Question 36

possible management of allergic rhinitis

Answer 36

avoiding the substance that triggers the allergy nasal corticosteroid sprays antihistamines saltwater solution desensitization injections

Question 37

do antibiotics relieve symptoms of allergic rhinitis?

Answer 37

NO

Question 38

is asthma considered a genetic disease?

Answer 38

NO have not been validated

Question 39

genetic variants in _________________ are most widely studied and have been associated with altered therapeutic response to ________________

Answer 39

ALOX5 and LTC4S asthma drugs

Question 40

allergen immunotherapy (allergy shots)

Answer 40

form of long term treatment that decreases symptoms decreases sensitivity to allergens

Question 41

allergen immunotherapy is used with many people with

Answer 41

allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, conjunctivitis or stinging insect allergy

Question 42

omalizumab

Answer 42

binds to Fc portion of IgE used for asthma or chronic idiopathic urticaria

Question 43

cerebrospinal rhinorrhea

Answer 43

trigger - sinus/facial manipulation testing - otolaryngology symptoms - clear nasal discharge after sinus surgery/trauma; symptoms worsen

Question 44

gustatory

Answer 44

feature - socially debilitating triggers - spicy foods, alcohol symptoms - rhinitis associated with food consumption

Question 45

nonallergic with eosinophilia syndrome

Answer 45

feature - treated as vasomotor rhinitis testing - specific allergen testing is negative, nasal cellular infiltrate is full of eosinophils symptoms - persistent rhinitis symptoms

Question 46

atrophic rhinitis

Answer 46

symptoms - atrophy of nasal mucosa resulting in ozena testing - culture for culprit bacteria, nutritional deficiency triggers - dry environment, surgery

Question 47

occupational rhinitis

Answer 47

symptoms - rhinitis symptoms at work, but improve at home trigger - allergic/non allergic features - asthma/conjunctivitis testing - evaluation for IgE testing

Question 48

aspirin allergy may likely have association with

Answer 48

asthma and nasal polyps