Allergic Rhinitis Inhaled Corticosteroids, Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists, Miscellaneous Agents Flashcards Preview

Pharmacology > Allergic Rhinitis Inhaled Corticosteroids, Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists, Miscellaneous Agents > Flashcards

Flashcards in Allergic Rhinitis Inhaled Corticosteroids, Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists, Miscellaneous Agents Deck (22)
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1
Q

Inhaled Corticosteroids Mechanism of action

A

Inhaled corticosteroids reduces inflammation by reducing the release of mediators, though reducing both the formation and activity of these mediators

Inhaled corticosteroids reverses dilatation causing mild vasoconstriction

Inhaled corticosteroids inhibited mast cell mediated late phase reactions

2
Q

Inhaled Corticosteroids therapeutic benefit

A

it is not immediate, there will be a slight improvement in a few days, but peak response is in 2 to 3 weeks

3
Q

Inhaled Corticosteroids side effects

A

Inhaled Corticosteroids lack the side effects of systemic steroids including, HPA suppression, cataract formation, glaucoma, and bone mineral density changes

4
Q

what is a useful treatment for nasal polyps

A

Inhaled Corticosteroids

5
Q

Inhaled Corticosteroids

– Nasal and Inhaled Formulations list types (5)

A
Beclomethasone 
Budesonide 
Flunisolide
Fluticasone
Mometasone
6
Q

Nasal and ophthalmic corticosteroids

A

Triamcinolone

7
Q

Inhaled Corticosteroids contraindications

A

hypersensitivity

8
Q

Inhaled Corticosteroids drug interactions

A

none

9
Q

Inhaled Corticosteroids adverse reactions

A

headache
pharyngitis
cough
epistaxis (in the nasal formulation)

10
Q

What should you monitor in patients taking Inhaled Corticosteroids?

A

symptom control

11
Q

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists Mechanism of action

A

Selective leukotriene receptor antagonist
Inhibits the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor

Cysteinyl leukotrienes are released from mast cells

12
Q

Selective Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists agents

A

Montelukast and Zafirlukast

13
Q

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists – LOX inhibitor

agents

A

Zileuton

14
Q

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists contraindications

A

hypersensitivity

15
Q

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists drug interactions

A

CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 interactions

16
Q

What should you monitor in patients taking Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists?

A

mental status and allergy control

17
Q

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists adverse reactions

A

Headache, mental status changes, dizziness and fatigue, dyspepsia

18
Q

Describe Cromolyn nasal spray

A

MOA is mast cell stabilizers, symptomatic relief may take 2 to 4 weeks and may cause some local irritation

19
Q

Describe Ipatropium nasal spray

A

MOA is anticholinergic and inhibits secretions
however safety and efficacy beyond 4 days is not established
but it may enhance anticholinergic effects of other agents

20
Q

Describe H-2 Receptor Antagonist mechanism of action

A

MOA competitively inhibits H2 receptor (which are prominent) in parietal cells
and prevents gastric acid secretion

21
Q

which H-2 Receptor Antagonist agent is the most effective

A

Cimetidine
However Ranitidine, Famotidine and Nizatidine
are likely effective

Evidence is limited

22
Q

which H-2 Receptor Antagonist agents have the fewest side effects and interactions

A

Famotidine, Ranitidine