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Allergy Flashcards

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1
Q

Triad of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory distress

A

Asthma symptoms
chronic rhino sinusitis
Nasal polyps

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2
Q

Is aspirin-exacerbated respiratory distress triggered only by ASA?

A

NO;

other NSAIDs

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3
Q

Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory distress tx

A

Leukotriene modifying agents

Topical nasal CS

ASA desensitization

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4
Q

Allergic rhinitis Mx: do you treat with a trial of intranasal CS first or do you refer for skin testing first?

A

Trial of intranasal CS therapy

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5
Q

Atopic dermatitis triad

A

Dermatitis:
–>ACUTE: red, eczematous, crusted, papulovesicular
–>CHRONIC: lichenified and hyper pigmented
Asthma
Allergic rhinitis

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6
Q

Atopic dermatitis TX

A

Emollients
Topical GC
PO antihistamines

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7
Q

Contact dermatitis is what type of a reaction

A

Delayed Hypersensitivity reaction

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8
Q

Examples of delayed hypersensitivity reactions

A

Poison ivy
Neomycin
Preservatives
Metals

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9
Q

Gold standard diagnostic testing of Contact Dermatitis

A

Patch testing

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10
Q

Contact dermatitis TX

A

Topical GC

IF severe/extensive PO GC

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11
Q

Contact dermatitis rash

A 
Pruritic 
Red
Edematous 
Weeopy
Crusted 
Possible Vesicles or Bullae
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12
Q

Common variable immunodeficiency tx

A

Replacement of Immune Globulin

Early abx tx or prophylactic abs tx for chronic infections

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13
Q

Hypogammaglobulinemia recurrent infections consists of

A

Encapsulated bacteria

Giardia

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14
Q

Initial test for C5–C9 terminal complement deficiency

A

CH50 level if normal….

assess alternative complement pathway with AH 50

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15
Q

Terminal complement deficiency MX

A

Early abx initiation

Meningococcal vaccine

PCV 13 AND PPSV 23 vacciness

H. influenza vaccine

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16
Q

What type of immunodeficiency is present

  • invasive skin infection
  • test to diagnose
A

Granulocytes (chronic granulomatous dz)

Dihydrorhodamine (DHR) oxidation test

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17
Q

What type of immunodeficiency defect is present

  • viral, intracellular, or fungal infections
  • test to diagnose
A

Cell-mediated

CBC (lymphocyte count), CD3, CD4, CD8 - lymphocyte markers

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18
Q

What type of immunodeficiency defect is present

  • recurrent N. meningitidis meningits and Disseminated gonorrhea infections
  • test to diagnose
A

Terminal complement components

CH50–> AH 50 if CH50 is normal

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19
Q

What type of immunodeficiency defect is present

  • sinopulmonary infections, bacteremia with encapsulated orgs
  • test to diagnose
A

Immunoglobulins

Quantitative serum Ig; response to tetanus and pneumococcal vaccines

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20
Q

Hives/wheals lasting <24hrs (recurrent)

+/- Intermittent lip and tongue swelling

21
Q

MC etiologies of acute urticaria

MC etiologies of chronic urticaria (< 6wks)

Study These Flashcards
A

Acute- viral, meds(B-lactams, sulfonamides, opioids, radiocontrast media)

Chronic- typically autoimmune

22
Q

Urticaria rash findings

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A

Erythematous
Intensely pruritic plaques of urticaria
Dermatographism

23
Q

Urticaria Tx

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A

1st line - H1 blockers (cetgirizine, loratadine)

2nd line - PO GC only if persistent and/or involves angioedema

NO ANTIHISTAMINES OR TOPICAL CS

24
Q

Do you need to order C1-esterase or C4 levels to r/o hereditary angioedema in patients with urticaria + angioedema

25
Hereditary angioedema testing
C1-esterase or C4 levels
26
2 different etiologies of Hereditary angioedema
1. mast cell mediated | 2. bradykinin mediated
27
3 types of bradykinin mediated angioedema
Hereditary - Low C4 and low or dysfunctional C1- inh ACE inh - Normal C4 and C1-inh levels Acquired C1 inh deficiency - older age onset
28
Acute hereditary angioedema tx
``` Kallikrein inh (ecallantide) Bradykinin R Ag (icatibant) ```
29
Hereditary angioedema prophylactic tx
Kallikrein inh ( lanadelumab)
30
Testing and prevention for Hymenoptera sting allergy anaphylaxis and diffuse cutaneous symptoms
Referral to an allergist for immunotherapy and Venom skin testing***
31
Food allergy is mediated by
IgE
32
Negative skin testing could be Positive skin testing could be
Negative False
33
Serum sickness is what type of allergic reaction ? Example?***
Type III immune complex deposition Antivenom injection + snake venom
34
Maculopapular rash is what type of allergic reaction
Type IV (T cell-mediated )
35
What is Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction? | What do you do?
Acute febrile rxn occurring within 24 hrs of starting antibiotic therapy for syphilis - ALLERGIC MIMIC reaction DON'T STOP PNC
36
Initial cutaneous manifestation of acute graft vs host dz
Maculopapular rash
37
Graft vs host dz is commonly seen in
Allogenic HCT
38
Graft vs host dz syptoms
Maculopapular rash Abd cramps and Diarrhea Hyperbilirubinemia
39
ACUTE Graft vs host dz prevented and treated by
Nonspecific - prednisone and methotrexate Specific T cell suppressor - cyclosporin, tacrolimus
40
CHRONIC Graft vs host syptoms
- -Lichen Plans, lichen sclerosis, or scleroderma-like skin rxn - -dry oral mucosa - -GI tract sclerosis - -hyperbilirubinemia
41
1. Difference between Skin testing vs serum allergen specific IgE testing 2. Does antihistamine use affect skin testing or IgE testing
1. skin testing evaluates broader range of allergic response mechanisms. 2. Antihistamine can affect skin testing but not IgE testing
42
For unclear reasons Spina bifida is associated with
Latex allergies
43
2 types of acquired Angioedema (low C1 esterase inhibitor + low C1q)
Type 1- myeloproliferative + lymphoproliferative dz like LYMPHOMA *** Type 2- autoAbs to C1 esterase inhibitor
44
What differentiates hereditary angioedema from acquired angioedema
Age (hereditary occurs <40yo) C1q (normal in hereditary and low in acquired )
45
Rare autosomal recessive d/o of chrome 11 - neurodegeneration (loss of muscle coordination --> wheelchair) - progressive cerebellar ataxia and telangiectasias - immunodeficiency (depressed Ig levels) - predisposition to cancer
Ataxia-telangiectasia
46
Rare autosomal recessive disorder - progressive limb and gait ataxia - sensory loss - weakness - dysarthria - NO IMMUNE DYSFXN
Friedreich ataxia
47
Difference between Friedreich ataxia and Ataxia-telangiectasia
NO immune dysfxn seen in Friedreich ataxia
48
Spelenctomy patients are at increased risk for which bacterias (4)
Strep pneumoniae H. influenzae N. meningitidis Klebsiella pneumoniae
49
Class I HLA is present on
ALL nucleated cells

Allergy (1 decks)

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