Allergy Immunology Flashcards
(32 cards)
Erythema multiforme
- causes
- location
- HSV > mycoplasma, anticonvulsants, barbiturates
- dorm hands/feet + extensor
- usually not MM
Example of each type of hypersensitivity
1: Anaphylaxis
2: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
3: Immune complex = serum sickness
4: Delayed T cell- contact dermatitis
Serum sickness
- type, organs, key lab
Serum sickness like
- difference
- common cause
- Type 3 - immune complex deposits
- Skin, Joints, Renal
- Low complement
SSL: no IC, no renal dz, normal complement
Common: cefaclor
Most common cause of anaphylaxis
Food > Venom > Meds
SJS - Common cause
- Clinical Sign
Sulfonamides
Anticonvulsants
Nicolsky sign
Poison ivy allergy
Rhus dermatitis
Linear vesicles
Penicillin Allergy
- cross reactivity w cephalosporin?
2%
Anaphylaxis diagnosis?
1) Cutaneous + either CVS/Resp
2) Likely allergen + 2 systems
3) Known allergen + hypotension
Anaphylaxis tx?
observation?
Epi IM 0.01mg/kg
if on B Blocker give glucagon
?steroids
Observe 4-6 hours
Biphasic anaphylaxis
- increased risk?
- length of time?
- Delayed epi
- More than one dose epi
- Severe sx
Up to 72 hr
Discharge management for anaphylaxis
- Epi autoinjector
- Anaphylaxis action plan
- Medical ID device
- Allergy referral
- Avoidance of trigger
- Consider 3 days of antihistamines/steroids
Hereditary angioedema
- deficiency in ?
- inheritance?
- presentation
C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency
Autosomal dominant
Episodic nonpruritic angioedema without urticaria
Humoral Defects
- examples
- characteristics
- IgA def
- XLA
- CVID
Sinopulmonary infections
Autoimmunity
Malignancy
Xlinked agamm
- Type
- Characteristics
- Humoral - No B cells
- No Ig’s
- No lymph tissue
- Sinopulmonary infections
- Enteroviral meningoencephalitis
Common Variable immune deficiency
- Type
- Age
- Characteristics
- Humoral
- Have lymph tissue
- Most common
- Often presents puberty
- Recurrent bacterial infections
- Autoimmunity
- Malignancy
How to test for humoral defect?
Number:
CBC + Diff
Ig’s
Lymphocyte subsets: CD 19
Function:
Ab titers
How to test for cellular defect?
Number:
CBC + Diff: total lymphocyte count
Lymphocyte subsets: CD 3(tot), 4, 8
Function:
Mitogen and Antigen proliferation studies
Complement deficiency
- Presentations
- Lab
Severe recurrent/invasive encapsulated bacteria infections
Rheumatic dz
Neisseria Meningitis
Lab: CH50
Wiskott Aldrich
- inheritance
- characteristics
- Labs
X linked
Eczema
Thrombocytopenia
Recurrent pyogenic infections
High IgA and IgE
Ataxia telangiectasia
- Characteristics
- Screening
Cerebellar ataxia
Telangiectasia
Recurrent infections
Oculomotor abnormalities
Screen: alpha fetoprotein
22q11
Cardiac - interrupted aortic arch Abnormal facies Thymic hypo/aplasia Cleft lip/palate Hypocalcemia
autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1
Autoimmunity / polyendocrinopathy
- Addison’s disease and hypoparathyroidism most common
Chronic mucocutaneous candida infections
- Oropharyngeal, esophageal, nails, skin, vulvovaginal
Ectodermal dysplasia
- Pitted nail dystrophy
- Dental enamel dysplasia with thin enamel and pits
Chronic Granulomatous Disease
- Bugs?
Bacterial and Fungal infections
Absecesses and granulomas
S.aureus Aspergillis Nocardia Serratia Morcescenes Burkholdia cepacia Salmonella
How long do you wait after IVIG to give live vaccines?
11 months
