Alpha Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are Alpha 1 agonists drugs?
Mnemonic : POM
- Phenylephrine
- Oxymetazoline
- Midodrine
What are the effects of Alpha 1 agonists?
- Arterioles constriction ( high BP)
- Reflex bradycardia ( low HR )
13F + nasal congestion + uses intranasal spray.
a)- what’s the most likely agent she use ?
a)- POM
16M + viral infection + has been using intranasal spray for 5days straight to treat nasal congestion.
a)- what agent was he using?
b)- what is the diagnosis?
c)- what is the prevention?
a)- POM
b)- Rhinitis medicamentosa
c)- Prevention by not using Intranasal Alpha1 agonists for more than 3days + use as infrequently as possible.
24F + nose is bleeding (epistaxis) in the ED.
What is the next best step?
- Nasal packing
24M + nose is bleeding (epistaxis) in the ED.
What drugs may help this patient?
- POM
50F + history of dysphagia and pulmonary fibrosis + fingers turn color in the cold.
a)- what drug should be avoided in this patient?
a)- POM (cause they vasoconstricts)
34F + pregnant + performing Kegel exercises to strengthen pelvic floor muscles.
1)- what muscle is not strengthen by Kegel exercises?
2)- Why?
1)- Internal sphincters
2)- Internal sphincters are under sympathetic control (which means catecholamines binds to alpha 1 receptors for the internal sphincters to contracts, so its not under voluntary control)
What are alpha 1 antagonists drugs ?
- Phentolamine
- Phenoxybenzamine
- -osins ( prazosin, tamsulosin, terazosin )
What are alpha 1 antagonists drugs effects ?
- Decrease arteriolar vasoconstriction ( not the same as vasodilation) (low BP)
- Reflex tachycardia ( high HR)
What is Phenoxybenzamine ?
- Alpha 1 antagonist
- Irreversible and non-competitive drug
What Phenoxybenzamine is used for ?
- To manage and treat hypertension and sweeting due to pheochromocytoma ( catecholamines secreting tumor of adrenal medulla)
What is Phentolamine ?
- Alpha 1 antagonist
- Reversible competitive drug
Tamsulosin & terazosin drugs are ?
- Alpha 1 antagonist
- Used for BPH ( benign prostatic hyperplasia)
What is the other drug that could be used for BPH ?
- The 5alpha reductase inhibitor finasteride
What are the side effects of TCA, anti-psychotic and first gen H1 blockers?
- Alpha 1 antagonist, orthostatic hypotension + fainting
- Anti-cholinergic, hot + red + dry patient with a full bladder + sometimes dry month and eyes
- Anti-H1, sedation
What do Alpha-2 receptors do ?
- They serve a negative feedback on presynaptic terminals
- In other words, if a catecholamines binds to alpha2 R, then the result is decreased release of additional catecholamines from the presynaptic terminal.
What are the alpha-2 agonists drugs ?
- Methyldopa
- Clonidine
What is Methyldopa used for ?
- To treat HTN in pregnant women
What are the drugs used to treat Parkinson disease?
- Carbidopa
- Levodopa
What Clonidine is used for ?
- To treat HTN as well, but is notably used as a psych drug
What is alpha-2 antagonist drug?
- Mirtazapine
What Mitrazapine do?
- Stimulates appetite. Used to treat ppl with anorexia who also have depression
