ALS

Question 1

During Cardiac Arrest, what medication can you give first

Answer 1

Adrenaline

Question 2

Cardiac arrest: When do you give Adrenaline

Answer 2

Immediately if no shockable rhythm or on the 2nd shock in a shockable rhythm

Question 3

How frequently during an arrest can you administer Adrenaline

Answer 3

Every alternative loop

Question 4

What dose of Adrenaline do you administer

Answer 4

1mg bolus

Question 5

When else would you administer Adrenaline

Answer 5

Anaphylaxis

Question 6

What dose do you administer for anaphylaxis

Answer 6

0.5mg IM

Question 7

What 2 main medication do you give during Cardiac Arrest

Answer 7

Adrenaline and Amiodarone

Question 8

What medication do you give for symptomatic Bradycardia

Answer 8

Atropine

Question 9

What does of Atropine do you give in symptomatic Bradycardia

Answer 9

600mcg/ 0.6mg IV

Question 10

What’s the Action of giving Adrenaline in cardiac arrest patients

Answer 10

Produces vasoconstriction, increasing cerebral and coronary perfusion

Question 11

What are the Adverse reactions of giving adrenaline in CA patients

Answer 11

Tachyarrythmias, severe hypertension, tissue necrosis

Question 12

When would you administer amiodarone during cardiac arrest

Answer 12

AFTER the 3rd shock, further 150mg after the 5th shock

Question 13

What’s the dose of Amiodarone given and what’s it mixed with

Answer 13

300mg bolus in 20mls of 5% glucose

Question 14

What’s the action of Amiodarone

Answer 14

Antiarrhythmic

Question 15

What are the adverse reactions of Amiodarone

Answer 15

Hypotension, bradycardia, QT prolongation, Heart Block

Question 16

When else outside of CA should you give Amiodarone and what dose

Answer 16

Tacharrhythmias, 300mg IV

Question 17

What would you administer to treat:
Hyperkalemia (High K+)
Hypocalcaemia (Low calcium) or
Calcium channel blocker overdose?

Answer 17

Calcium Chloride

Question 18

What’s the dose and how is it given of Calcium Chloride?

Answer 18

10mls of 10% (6.8mmol) Bolus

Question 19

What’s the Action of Calcium Chloride

Answer 19

Increase myocardial cells response to a stimulus, increases heart contractions, increases peripheral resistances

Question 20

Why’s the adverse reaction to Calcium Chloride

Answer 20

Tissue necrosis

Question 21

What medication should be given for Hypokalaemia

Answer 21

Potassium

Question 22

What’s the dose of Potassium given during a cardiac arrest ?

Answer 22

5mmol bolus from a 10mmol bag

Question 23

What is the action of potassium

Answer 23

Essential electrolyte for membrane stability and contraction of cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle

Question 24

What are the adverse reaction of potassium

Answer 24

Hyperkalaemia, hypotension, bradycardia, flaccid paralysis, necrosis, cardiac arrest

Question 25

Which drug should be given to treat: Hyperkalaemia, Tricyclic Antidepressant OD, Metabolic Acidosis, Prolonged Cardiac Arrest?

Answer 25

Sodium Bicarbonate

Question 26

What’s dose of Sodium Bicarbonate do you administer

Answer 26

100mls of 8.4% or 1 mmol/kg

Question 27

What’s the action of Sodium Bicarbonate

Answer 27

Alkalising solution

Question 28

What are the adverse reactions of Sodium Bicarbonate

Answer 28

Conversation of CO2, worsening acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, Hypokalaemia

Question 29

What is the action of administrating Atropine

Answer 29

Increases HR and improves the atrioventricular conduction

Question 30

What are the Adverse reactions of Atropine

Answer 30

Anticholinergic effects: blurred vision, urinary retention, vasodilation

Question 31

What is an alternative drug given during Cardiac Arrest when Amiodarone is unavailable or contraindicated

Answer 31

Lignocaine

Question 32

What’s the dose and how do you administered Lignocaine during CA

Answer 32

1mg/kg bolus and 0.5mg/kg bolus during resus

Question 33

What’s the action of Lignocaine

Answer 33

Membrane stabilising agent ( anti-arrhythmic and sodium channel blocker

Question 34

What are the adverse reactions of Lignocaine

Answer 34

Seizures, agitation, ALOC, Hypotension, Bradycardia, Heart Block

Question 35

What medication do you administer to treat: VT, Torsades de Pointes, SVT, Digoxin Toxicity and Hypomagnesamia

Answer 35

Magnesium

Question 36

What dose of Magnesium do you give

Answer 36

5mmol bolus

Question 37

What’s the action of Magnesium

Answer 37

Slows the rate of the SA node & prolongs conduction time, depresses skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle activity

Question 38

What are the Adverse reactions of Magnesium

Answer 38

Hypotension, flushing, diaphoresis, flaccid paralysis, diarrhoea

Question 39

What are the 4 Hs?

Answer 39

Hypoxia Hypovolaemia Hypo/Hyperkalaemia Hypo/Hyperthermia

Question 40

What are the 4 Ts?

Answer 40

Toxins Tension Pneumothorax Tamponade Thrombus

Question 41

Shockable Rhythms are:

Answer 41

No pulse Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) + Ventricular Fibrillation (VF)

Question 42

Non- Shockable Rhythms are:

Answer 42

PEA (Pulseless Electrical Activity) + Asystole

Question 43

When planning to shock what is the voltage?

Answer 43

200j for 1st shock, 360j for all others

Question 44

During CA: how much should you be flushing pre and post drugs & what drug requires glucose

Answer 44

20mls n/s & amiodarone requires glucose 20mls pre and post administration

Question 45

What are 2 airway techniques that can be placed to assist airway?

Answer 45

OPA & NPA