Alter national increase + managing results of population change Flashcards
China (22 cards)
China’s population growth between 1949 - 1990
550 million - 1.13 billion
When was the 5 year plan
1952
What did the 5 year plan entail
CCP introduced a pro-natalist agenda to increase population through family planning programs
What stage of the DTM was China in 1950s
Stage 2
What % of the population lived in the rural areas of China in 1952
80%
What year was the great leap forwards
1959 - 1961
Would was introduced to boost food production
Collectivised Farms
Why did the great leap forward fail, three reasons
- Collectivisation disincentivised farmers to work as the whole commune was responsible
- The killing of birds brought locus to eat the crops
- Seeds were planted to deep by inexperienced novice farmers
What industrial attempt did Mao make and what was it called
To boost industry Mao asked inexperienced workers to create back door furnaces - Walking on two legs, one in industry and one in agriculture
Why did the furnaces fail
The iron and steel produces was not a grade usable in construction therefore the whole effort had produced useless steel and wasted iron tool which could have been employed in agriculture
How man people died in the famine of 1959-1961
45 million died in the eventual famine
When was the one child policy and who introduced to
Deng Xiaoping introduced the one child policy in 1979
How was the One child policy enforced
- Fines were given out to those who failed to stick to one child
- Incentives such as free medical care, improved residence and better education opportunities were used
- Forced sterilisation and abortions
What demographic effects did the One Child Policy have
- Selective abortions led to gender ratio imbalance of 118:100 boys girl to which the normal imbalance is 105:100
- 70 million were born in the first 20 years instead of 30 million
- Fertility rate fell below replacement rate for the first time in 1986
What economic effects did the One Child Policy have
- Shrunk the working population
- Grand kids had to financially take care of 12 elderly relative3.
Where was opposition to the One Child Policy
Rural Areas held opposition due to their need for large families to help work the farms
How many people in China will be above 60 in 2050
480 million
How many men in China will be unable to find partners in 2020
24 million
What is the wage disparity between rural and urban areas in China
1:5
What % of China’s population was above 60 in 1990
4%
What is a 4-2-1 pattern
The one child policy forces the singular grand child to have two parents and four grandparents to look after
