alterari prin stocare anormala de substante Flashcards

1
Q

steatoza

A

acumularea unei cantitati anormale de trigliceride in celulele care contin doar urme de lipide in mod normal
-afecteaza organele cu metabolism activ: ficat, miocard, rinichi, muschi scheletici

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2
Q

steatoza hepatica

A

-macroscopic: marit in volum si greutate, cu margini rotunjite, galbui-palid, moale, pastos
-microscopic: steatoza micro si macrovasculara

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3
Q

distributie in lobulii hepatici:

A

-centrolobulara= intoxicatii cu benzen, cloroform si tetraclorura de carbon
-mediolobulara=hipoxie(in ficatul cardiac)
-exolobulara= obezitate, carente proteice
-panlobular=etilism cronic

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4
Q

steatoza miocardica

A

2 forme:
- forma focala= afectati muschii papilari si grupuri de fibre musculare subendocardice ale VS (aspect ‘‘in dungi’‘/pete galbui/ aspect tigrat)
- forma difuza= intregul miocard

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5
Q

steatoza renala

A

-staza cronica renala, anemii severe, stari toxi-infectioase
-macroscopic= usor marit in greutate si volum, palid-galbui, consistenta scazuta si friabilitate marita

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6
Q

adipozitatile

A

acumulare excesiva a grasimilor in tesuturile in care acestea se depoziteaza in mod normal

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7
Q

adipozitati generalizate=obezitatea

A

-obezitate hiperplazica= instalata in copilarie; grasime la nivelul gambei si regiunile subscapulare
-obezitatea hipertrofica= in viata adulta; grasimea se depune pe solduri si fese la femei, pe abdomen la barbati

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8
Q

lipoidoze

A

stocarea de lipoizi in lizozomii unor celule

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9
Q

Boala Gaucher

A

-glucozil-ceramide in lizozomii macrofagelor
-celule gaucher( celule mari, nucleu excentric, citoplasma clara, aspect fibrilar) in splina, ficat, limfonoduli, plamani, maduva rosir a oaselor
-splenomegalie( in pulpa rosie se gasesc infilrate nodulare si difuze de celule gaucher)
- ficat marit(celule gaucher in sinusoide)

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10
Q

Boala Niemann-Pick

A

-stocaj lizozomal de sfingomielina, colesterol si alte glicolipide in macrofagele din splina, limfonoduli, maduva oaselor, ficat, plamani, tract gastro-intestinal si creier
-creierul e cel mai afectat

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11
Q

aparitia intracelulara a hialinului

A
  • picaturile hialine din epiteliul tubilor renali
    -corpii Mallory= ficat gras
  • corpii Councimal= hepatite virale
  • modificari hialine Crooke= sindrom Cushing
  • corpii Russell
    -degenerare Zenker= febra tifoida
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12
Q

hialin extracelular conjunctiv

A

-cicatrici cheloide
-inflamatii cronice
-in stroma unor tumori

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13
Q

hialin extracelular vascular

A

-in peretii arteriolelor in HTA
-DZ
-varstnici

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14
Q

amiloid-coloratie

A

rosu Congo=> rosu-cafeniu

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15
Q

amiloid in mielom multiplu

A

AL

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16
Q

amiloidoze secundare

A

AA

17
Q

Boala Alzheimer

A

AB

18
Q

amiloid la pacientii hemodializati

A

AB2M

19
Q

Amiloidoze familiale
-cu neuropatii
-cu febra mediteraneana

A

ATTR
AA

20
Q

carcinoame tiroidiene

A

AF

21
Q

amiloidoze primare

A

-dezvoltate in absenta unei cauze aparente sau a unei boli preexistente
-premergatoare unui mielom multiplu sau unui limfom cu celule B
-cea asociata mielomului multiplu=> iinima, ficat, rinichi si splina

22
Q

amiloidoze secundare

A

-complica boli inflamatoriicronice
-amiloid depozitat mai frecvent in splina si rinichi

23
Q

amiloidoza hepatica

A

-ficat marit in volum si greutate, palid galbui, dur, cauciucat
- se depune initial in peretii sinusoidelor din zona mediolobulara

24
Q

splina cu amiloid- forma nodulara

A

-splina sagou
-se depune in peretii arteriolelor penicilate si de-a lungul fibrelor de reticulina din corpusculii Malpighi

25
Q

splina cu amiloid-forma difuza

A