AMAC - Terms

Question 1

Agrahara

Answer 1

Donation of Land or village to brahmans, usually by royalty

Question 2

Alvars

Answer 2

Vaishnava poets and composers of hymns belonging to the Tamil devotional movement

Question 3

Amatya

Answer 3

Designation of a high official

Question 4

Anuloma

Answer 4

Literally: In the direction of Body Hair

Observing the caste hierarchy even in marriages across castes

Question 5

Ashtakula-Adhikarana

Answer 5

Administrative Body

Question 6

Ayukta

Answer 6

Official Designation

Question 7

Banjaras

Answer 7

Generally cattle pastoralists who were also carriers of goods exchanged in trade

Question 8

Bhogta

Answer 8

One who enjoys

Enjoyed revenue rights over certain lands

Question 9

Bhukti

Answer 9

Administrative Unit

Question 10

Brahmadeya

Answer 10

Village or land donated to a Brahman, who received revenue that came from it

Question 11

Chandala

Answer 11

Outcaste or untouchables

Question 12

Chetti or Chettiyars

Answer 12

Merchants (South India)

Question 13

Digvijayin

Answer 13

conqueror of the four quartets

Question 14

Dronavapa

Answer 14

Measure of Grain or Land

Question 15

Eripatti

Answer 15

Land from which the revenue was used to maintain irrigation tanks

Question 16

Gana-Rajya

Answer 16

Oligarchy/Chiefdome

Question 17

Gavunda

Answer 17

Landowners

Could be a member of local administrative committee

Question 18

Ghatika

Answer 18

Educational Centre attached to a temple

Question 19

Heggade

Answer 19

Landowners

Question 20

Jyestha

Answer 20

elder, as in the guild-like organization of the shreni

Question 21

kahapana or karshapana or pana

Answer 21

Coin series often silver

Question 22

Kakini

Answer 22

Copper Coins

Question 23

Kalamukha or Kapalika

Answer 23

Shaiva Sect

Question 24

Kalpa

Answer 24

Frame of Time - reckoning

Question 25

Kassaka

Answer 25

Cultivator, not as well-off as gahapati

Question 26

Kayastha

Answer 26

Scribes

Question 27

Kshatrapa

Answer 27

Administrative title used in Western India

Question 28

Kulyavapa

Answer 28

Winnowing Basket

Question 29

Kumara-amatya

Answer 29

Prince

Question 30

Mahasamanta

Answer 30

Ruler or governor subordinate to an overlord

Question 31

Mahasammata

Answer 31

The Great Elect - the person elected to rule - signifies the origin of govt in Buddhist theory

Question 32

Mahattara

Answer 32

Head of Village

Question 33

Mana

Answer 33

a unit of weight

Question 34

Mandala

Answer 34

a cosmogram, projecting the universe in a geometric pattern - theory of interstate relations where the king desirous of victory is at the centre and the pattern lays out potential allies and enemies

Question 35

Mandalam

Answer 35

Administrative Unit

Question 36

Manigramam

Answer 36

Guild of Merchants

Question 37

Matha

Answer 37

Centre of Education attached to a temple

Question 38

Matsya-nyaya

Answer 38

political theory associated with Arthashastra - condition of political anarchy where the strong devour the weak

Question 39

Nadu

Answer 39

Territorial Unit

Question 40

Nagarashresthin

Answer 40

Chief Merchant of a city

Question 41

Nayanars

Answer 41

Shaiva poets of Tamil devotionalism

Question 42

Nigama

Answer 42

Market or a Ward of a city

Question 43

Nirvana

Answer 43

release from the cycle of rebirth

Question 44

Nishka

Answer 44

Unit of value - coin - gold coin of Mauryas

Question 45

Palli

Answer 45

Hamlet, sometimes also a small market centre

Question 46

Panchakula

Answer 46

Administrative Body

Question 47

Pratiloma

Answer 47

Literally, against the direction of the body hair, therefore against the hierarchy of castes in relation to marriage

Question 48

Rajuka

Answer 48

Official Designation

Question 49

Ranaka

Answer 49

Rank or status given to a landed intermediary

Question 50

Rasa

Answer 50

Mood or emotion - evoked in creative literature, music or dance

Question 51

Samanta

Answer 51

initially used for a neighbor - later: landed intermediary subordinate to the king

Question 52

Sankirna Jati

Answer 52

Mixed Caste

Question 53

Sarthavaha

Answer 53

Caravaneer

Question 54

Setthi

Answer 54

Merchant

Question 55

Shatamana

Answer 55

Coin

Question 56

Shreni

Answer 56

Guild

Question 57

Tirthankara

Answer 57

Ford-Maker Teachers of Jainism

Question 58

Ur

Answer 58

Village Assembly in South India

Question 59

Valanadu

Answer 59

Administrative Unit in South India

Question 60

Varna

Answer 60

Literally means color

Question 61

Velala

Answer 61

Landowners

Question 62

Vishaya

Answer 62

Administrative Unit

Question 63

Vishti

Answer 63

Forced Labor in lieu of tax

Question 64

Vratya

Answer 64

initially referring to those who were thought not to conform to orthodoxy, it came to mean degenerate forms in various categories

Question 65

Yaksha

Answer 65

Demi-God

Question 66

Ziarat

Answer 66

A place of Pilgrimage