Amblyopia

Question 1

What is another name for lazy eye?

Answer 1

Amblyopia

Question 2

True/False: If a person has a strabismus they will have amblyopia.

Answer 2

False, not always. But it is possible

Question 3

Loss of Visual acuity in one or both eyes that cannot be improved by corrective lenses. Pathology is absent.
If not treated it persists through life (50 yr old).
Most common cause of monocular visual impairment in children and middle-aged adults.

Answer 3

Amblyopia

Question 4

Young gentleman, wants to join military. Examined as second opinion. Refractive error different between the 2 eyes. Had to tell him that he had amblyopia, and can’t join the military. What are the take home points of this clinical experience?

Answer 4

Out of critical period (he was 22 and couldn’t be corrected)
Compliance is key (he could have stuck to his patch)
Even affects his choices as an adult

Question 5

Decrease of VA is caused by:

Answer 5

pattern vision deprivation

abnormal binocular interaction

Question 6

What are some important identifying factors with amblyopia?

Answer 6

No disease is seen (no causes or etiology)

At lease 2 line difference between each eye

Question 7

Amblyopia can result in:

Answer 7

Dysfunction of accommodation
Poor eye alignment
Reduced contrast sensitivity
Dysfunction in spatial judgements
Resolution is poor
Monofixation could develop (brain has done something to use one eye)

Question 8

What is the prevalence of Amblyopia in the population?

Answer 8

2-4%

Question 9

When does amblyopia need to be detected?

Answer 9

before the end of the critical period, (between 6- 10 years, but not exactly sure)
Sculpting clay before you put it in the oven… example

Question 10

True/False: We have treatments that are used after the critical period.

Answer 10

False: We don’t know what to do after the critical period

Question 11

How long does the patch stay on?

Answer 11

12 weeks between appointments

Question 12

5 diopters of correction in one eye and the other eye has no correction

Answer 12

Anisometropic amblyopia

Question 13

True/False: Treatment will be better during the critical period.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Abnormal input or a lack of input results in a ___________.

Answer 14

blurred image

Question 15

True/False: Treating too early could be bad because of emmetropization, but treating too late could also lead to amblyopia.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What are the most common causes of Amblyopia?

Answer 16

strabismus and anisometropia

Question 17

Can a phoria cause amblopia?

Answer 17

no, because both eyes are working together

Question 18

Due to uncorrected high astigmatism in one or both eyes

Answer 18

Meridional amblyopia

Question 19

This amblyopia can easily be missed due to the orientation of the astigmatism (e.g. some children may be able to squint or compensate)

Answer 19

Meridional amblyopia