America Flashcards
(18 cards)
What compromise did Hayes reach to assume the presidency?
Compromise of 1877
This compromise involved removing federal troops from the South, which ended Reconstruction.
What was the result of Hayes’s compromise with Congress?
Showed cooperation across parties but abandoned federal protection of Black rights.
What significant action did Garfield take during his brief presidency?
Pushed back against Senate patronage power, especially Roscoe Conkling’s control.
What major reform did Arthur sign into law?
Pendleton Civil Service Act (1883)
This act established merit-based appointments and reduced patronage.
What characterized Arthur’s cooperation with reformers in Congress?
Successful cooperation on civil service issues after Garfield’s assassination.
How many vetoes did Cleveland use during his first term?
Over 300 vetoes.
What act did Cleveland support to regulate railroads?
Interstate Commerce Act (1887)
This act marked cooperation in addressing monopolistic practices.
What was a significant economic regulation signed by Harrison?
Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)
This act was a landmark in federal economic regulation.
What high protectionist tariff did Harrison support?
McKinley Tariff (1890).
What act did Harrison pass that aligned with veteran interests?
Dependent and Disability Pension Act.
What was the Billion Dollar Congress known for?
Highly productive legislation suggesting strong alignment with Harrison.
What characterized the relationship between these presidents and Congress?
Presidential Weakness vs Congressional Strength.
What characterized the ‘Gilded Age’ in terms of governance?
Congressional dominance and party machines, limiting presidential initiative.
What was a major issue during Cleveland’s presidency?
Regular clashes with a Republican Congress, especially on pensions and tariffs.
What limited Hayes’s effectiveness during his presidency?
Facing a Democratic-controlled House.
What was a common trait among the presidents discussed?
Limited Reform Ambition.
These presidents were primarily focused on _______.
[running the government].
What made proactive cooperation with Congress rare for these presidents?
Lack of strong popular mandates or party control.
