America During The Cold War (Domestic Issues)

Question 0

Fair Deal

Answer 0

Domestic Agenda. Extension of New Deal. Dubbed Socialistic by opponents.

• Housing Act of 1949 - Provided low income housing for Americans, especially servicemen.
• Social Security Act of 1950 - Extended the 1935 Social Security Act. Covered people in small towns and rural areas. Increased benefits on survivorship claims. Extended benefits to children. More money for families w/ dependent children.
• Minimum Wage - Raised from $ .40 to $ .75 an hour.
• Fair Deal Measures Which Failed To Pass - 1. Aid to education 2. National Health Care 3. Civil Rights Bill - Blocked by Southerners

Question 1

Serviceman’s Readjustment Act of 1944 (The GI Bill of Rights)

Answer 1

Designed to help our troops coming back from WWII. Provided education and job training for servicemen coming back from war. Provided loans. Dubbed Socialistic by opponents.

Question 2

Taft-Hartley Act of 1948

Answer 2

Banned the closed shop - a workplace in which no one could be hired w/o first being in a union. Would allow a president to require workers to return to work during a strike. PRESIDENT VETOED. Congress overrode and passed it.

Question 3

Election of 1948

Answer 3

Harry Truman - Democratic Thomas Dewey - Republican Henry Wallace - Progressive

Strom Thurmond - SRD or States Rights Democratic Party/ DIXIECRATS TRUMAN WON!!!

Question 4

Election of 1952

Answer 4

Dwight Eisenhower (and Richard Nixon) - Republican
-Nixon’s Checkers Speech - accused of taking illegal campaign money.
Adlai Stevenson - Democratic. LANDSLIDE!

Question 5

Election of 1956

Answer 5

Eisenhower - Republican

Stevenson - Democratic

Question 6

Dynamic Conservatism

Answer 6

Liberal and humanitarian when it comes to the needs of people. When it comes to people’s money, be conservative.

Question 7

Interstate Highway Act (Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956)

Answer 7

Largest public works program in U.S. History. It was designed to help Americans get to Suburbs faster. Get to work faster. Every 5 to 7 miles, 2 mile straight stretch so a plane could land in case of emergency.

Question 8

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)

Answer 8

More influence/need of math/science. More emphasis on math and science.

COMPETITION B/C OF SPUTNIK.

Question 9

Suburbia

Answer 9

Establishment of Americans moving to suburban areas. Small towns outside larger cities.

Question 10

Levittowns

Answer 10

Sprang up on the East Coast. They were developed communities in which housing patterns were all the same…ish.

Question 11

Religion’s Role in the 1950s

Answer 11

“In God We Trust” was added to currency. “Under God” was added to the Pledge of Allegiance.

Question 12

Conformity and Non-Conformity

Answer 12

Conformity - Fitting within the confines of a greater society. Father Knows Best (T.V. Series) was set towards Conformity.

Non-Conformity - (People referred to as “The Beatniks”) Social Outcasts. Dressed differently.

Question 13

Music of the 1950s

Answer 13

Bill Haley and His Comets - First big Rock and Roll song produced by them. Rock Around the Clock. Had “suggestive lyrics.”

Elvis Presley - Suggestive dancing.

Question 14

Literature in the 1950s

Answer 14

“The Beat Generation of Writers”

John Kenneth Galbraith - The Affluent Society (Those that had money were only spending on themselves, not for the good of society.)

David Riesman - The Lonely Crowd (Referred to group of people who were forgotten in society aka the Non-Confermists.)

Question 15

Election of 1960

Answer 15

Nixon - Republican Kennedy - Democratic Nixon-Kennedy Debates - THE FIRST TELEVISED DEBATES.

Issues : Kennedy’s age (43). Kennedy’s religion (Roman Catholic). KENNEDY WON!

Inaugural Address inspired people to get up and do public service.

Question 16

JFK’s New Frontier

Answer 16

1) Medical Assistance for the elderly
2) Aid to education
3) Tax cut
4) Peace Corps - foreign countries would receive medical assistance, food, etc…
5) Civil Rights Bill
6) “Man on the Moon by the end of ’60s”

Question 17

JFK’s Assasination

Answer 17

Significance: New Frontier programs passed under LBJ.

Lee Harvey Oswald = assassin

Question 18

Election of 1964

Answer 18

Lyndon Johnson - Democratic WON!!!!!!!

Barry Goldwater - Republican

Question 19

LBJ’s War on Poverty

Answer 19

The Great Society - LBJ’s Domestic Program War on Poverty - A success, Poverty Dropped!
Michael Harrington - wrote The Other America (Said 20% of Americans living in poverty aka 40 million). Inspired War on Poverty.
Economic Opportunity Act (EOA) -
-Job Corps - Program of job training for the poor and young who lived in poverty.
-VISTA - Volunteers In Service To America. Helped impoverished areas of America. Repaired houses. Supplied clothes, food, etc…
-Project Head Start - Gave students in impoverished areas a “head-start” on education.

Question 20

Main Programs of The Great Society

Answer 20

HUD(Housing and Urban Development) - A cabinet division
-Robert C. Weaver - Headed HUD. He was the first Black American to head a Cabinet Division.
Medicare(1965) - Insurance for the elderly. Ages 65 and up. Considered Socialist. Would cost too much money.
Medicaid(1965) - Insurance for the poor and disabled.
Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 - Doubled the number of immigrants allowed into the U.S.. Put limitations on people
from Western Europe.

Question 21

Attacks on the Great Society

Answer 21

Conservative Republicans and Democrats said The Great Society was 1) Socialism and 2) Cost too much money

Liberal Democrats said it didn’t go far enough.

Question 22

Jim Crow Laws and Plessy v. Ferguson

Answer 22

Jim Crow Laws segregated.

Plessy v. Ferguson: got “separate but equal” started

Question 23

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

Answer 23

Ruling: 1) Separate but equal was unconstitutional

2) Schools had to desegregate with all deliberate speed

Question 24

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Answer 24

Rosa Parks spawned the boycott. It was organized by Martin Luther King Jr. from Atlanta. It worked. The Supreme Court ruled that segregated busing was unconstitutional.

Question 25

Little Rock Central High Crisis

Answer 25

Governor Orval Faubus - He prevented Nine Black Students from entering Central High. He was up for re-election and was trying to “keep the peace.”

The U.S. Army and National Guard was called in to protect the Little Rock Nine.

Question 26

Sit-In Movement

Answer 26

Major one in Greensboro, NC

Question 27

Violence in Birmingham and the March on Washington

Answer 27

Birmingham - Got nation’s attention. Eugene “Bull” Connor was the police chief

March on Washington - 200,000 White and Black Americans attended. “I Have A Dream” Speech - Ended proceedings. Called for Unity for ALL AMERICANS!

Question 28

Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965

Answer 28

Civil Rights Act of 1964 - LBJ and Martin Luther King Jr.

1) Banned discrimination in employment
2) Banned discrimination in public accommodations
3) Banned discrimination in voting

Voting Rights Act of 1965 - Allowed Federal Voting Examiners to be brought in to South to register voters. It eliminated most literacy tests. They were escorted by the military.

Question 29

Black Power Movement

Answer 29

Defined - Militant (violence if necessary) movement for civil rights for Black Americans

Malcolm X - Advocated Black Separatism or separating Blacks from Whites.
Stokely Carmichael - Said Black Americans needed economic and political rights. If they didn’t get them, VIOLENCE.
- This defined The Black Power Movement.
Black Panthers - Bobby Seale and Huey Newton were college students who formed it.

The End of the Civil Rights Era - Ended with the assassination of Marin Luther King Jr. James Earl Way was arrested for assassination.

Question 30

The New Left of the 1960s (Radicalism and Liberalism)

Answer 30

Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) - One of their leaders gave the Port Huron Statement. They wanted a participating Democracy (Individuals can control decisions affecting their lives.)

Berkeley Free Speech Movement - Bereley was the Main Campus at the U @ California @ Bereley. The University Administration said no demonstrations or speeches were allowed on the campus. They spoke about Vietnam and segregation.

The Counterculture - Conventional Mainstream opposed the American Culture.
Hippies - nickname. They opposed the Vietnam War and segregation. They supported Women’s Rights. They were mainly college students.

Question 31

Feminist Movement

Answer 31

Feminism - Movement for the economic, social, and political equality/opportunity for women.
Betty Friedan - wrote The Feminine Mystique (Said she challenged the traditional roles of women in society. Challenged the Cult of Domesticity. “Is this all?”
National Organization for Women (NOW) - Wanted equal rights amendment for women
Gloria Steinem - Stared Ms. Magazine. She was credited with creating “Ms.”
Opposition - Phyllis Schlafly: women provide support roles and traditional values for men.
Roe v. Wade - Abortion case. 1) States should recognize a women’s right to choose
2) States could make laws on how and when abortions could be performed

Question 32

Environmental, Chicano, Native American Movements of the 1960s

Answer 32

Environmental Movement - Rachel Carson’s – Silent Spring – A book written in opposition to DDT (pesticide). Started environmental movement. Said DDT caused disease, cancer, etc…

Chicano Movement - for economic, social, and political power for Latin Americans

American Indian Movement (AIM) - Militant movement by Native Americans. They wanted their land back. They went to Wounded Knee with the intention of taking it back. The National Guard was called in to stop them.

Question 33

Election of 1968

Answer 33

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