American Heritage Final

Question 1

Name three characteristics of Democracy

Answer 1

• A Chance to Vote
• Institutions respect the vote
• Those in power respect the vote

Question 2

What were the attitudes of Thomas Jefferson and William Penn toward religious freedom?

Answer 2

Both were strong supporters and advocates

Question 3

What is the Protestant Ethic?

Answer 3

Includes being: Religious, resourceful, hard working, and saving for a rainy day

Question 4

Describe the Governmental structure under the Articles of Confederation

Answer 4

The United States was loosely organized under the articles. There was not three branches of government. Only legistlative

Question 5

What aspects of government were weak under the Articles of Confederation?

Answer 5

• Lack of Organization

- Only one branch of Government (legislative)

Question 6

To Amend the Articles of Confederation there had to be a(n) ________ vote.

Answer 6

Unanimous

Question 7

What did Adam Smith consider the Economic ideal?

Answer 7

He believed the government should not have a major intrusion, in regards to the economy

Question 8

The exploitation of workers during the industrial revolution lead to what worldwide movement? (Describe)

Answer 8

Socialism/Communism

• Carl Marx
• Didn’t believe in individualism, competition etc.

Question 9

Are Political parties, congressional committees, and presidential cabinets provided in the Constitution?

Answer 9

No, the have be established by governmental bodies over time.

Question 10

During what event did the Abolition movement start to grow?

Answer 10

1742-1744 The Great Revival: A movement in the US where many citizens pushed toward grass-root religious practices. Realization of equality among men occurred. (All men created equal) thus conflict arose surrounding slavery, and eventually the civil war ensued.

Question 11

What is the Abolition Movement?

Answer 11

A movment who’s goal was to achieve the immediate emancipation of all slaves and the end of racial discrimination and segregation

Question 12

What two levels of government possess sovereignty in our federal system?

Answer 12

• State

- National (Federal)

Question 13

What are the main three components of the Supreme Law of the Land (Constitution)

Answer 13

• Federalism (Division of Powers/division of Sovereignty)
• Separation of powers (Three Branches of Government)
• Bicameral System (House and the Senate)

Question 14

Name four types of US Law?

Answer 14

• Constitutional (Found within the constitution)
• Statutory Law (Passed within the Legislative branch)
• Case Law (Law passed by courts)
• Regulatory Law (Established by Regulatory Agencies. ex: FDA)

Question 15

What were the features of Aristotle’s polis?

Answer 15

“The Good Society” Citizens participated and actively involved within the community

Question 16

On what issues did Jefferson and Hamilton agree?

Answer 16

• Dollar should be the monetary unit for the US
• Land within the Government’s possession should be sold to the American people
• Aaron Bur should NOT be active in Government

Question 17

During the impeachment trial of the President who Presides?

Answer 17

The Supreme Court Chief Justice

Question 18

Who were the authors of, “The Federalist”

Answer 18

• Alexander Hamilton
• James Madison
• John Jay

Question 19

What religious organization led out where abolition was concerned?

Answer 19

The Quakers. (Oatmeal anyone)

Question 20

Who was the voice of the court in Brown vs. The Board of Education?

Answer 20

Chief Justice Earl Warren

Question 21

What was abolished as a result of Brown vs. Board of Education?

Answer 21

Case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students unconstitutional.

Question 22

What reformer most influenced the Puritan founding of America?

Answer 22

John Calvin

Question 23

According to Aristotle, in what sense is a man a, “Political Animal’?

Answer 23

Men settle disputes by reasoning and politics not by force

Question 24

What were some of the anti-federalist criticisms of the original constitution?

Answer 24

• Aristocratic in tone
• No mention of Deity
• No bill of rights

Question 25

What was the primary concern of James Madison as expressed in Federalist #10?

Answer 25

He was worried that factions may overturn the government

Question 26

What arguments did John Marshall use in justifying judicial review?

Answer 26

He believed that some superior authority should have rightful authority to review legislation passed by congress to test a laws constitutionally

Question 27

What was Adam Smith’s ideal economic system?

Answer 27

Capitalism, specifically the Market

Question 28

What are some of the provisions of the 14th Amendment?

Answer 28

Guarantees:

• Due process of Law (the administration of justice according to established rules and principles)
• Equal protection of the law
• Privileges and immunities of US citizens
• States may not persecute minorities

Question 29

Compare the opportunities afforded to women in the 19th and 20th centuries

Answer 29

19th Century: Women had more security in some respects because their families were less likely to break from divorce
20th Century: Women have more opportunities but less general security

Question 30

What has been an unintended consequence of Women’s Liberation?

Answer 30

• Decreased economic security and increase poverty

- Women who are liberated of times divorce which give them freedom but also takes away security from marriage

Question 31

What demographic is more likely to be poor today?

Answer 31

Young adults, children, single mothers

Question 32

According to deTocqueville what are some of the features of American family life?

Answer 32

• Affections between parents and children
• Working hard on the farm
• Aspirations for the future
• Belief that the future is bright

Question 33

What are some of the features of the US national character?

Answer 33

• Competitiveness
• Religious direction
• Commercialism
• Belief in the future