American History OCS 20-22 Flashcards
(35 cards)
Explain the Great Migration and how it led to the Harlem Renaissance? Explain who was involved, why it happened, and how the Harlem Renaissance changed America.
The Great Migration happened from 1890 to 1910. This was when 200,000 African Americans moved from southern to northern cities. They moved to seek better job opportunities and less discrimination. This increased urban population and led to the Harlem Renaissance. The Harlem Renaissance was an intellectual, social, and artistic explosion of black culture.
Why are the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki important?
These cities are important because the nuclear bomb the U.S. dropped there caused the Japanese to surrender, which ended WWII.
What is the Manhattan Project? and where did it take place? (main three places)
The Manhattan Project was the developing and plan to drop an atomic bomb on Japan. Took place in On August 6 (Hiroshima) and August 9 (Nagasaki)
What was FDR’s New Deal? What did it attempt to accomplish? Please list 6 New Deal programs and explain how each of them attempted to get the U.S. out of the Great Depression
The FDR New Deal was programs and projects instituted during the Great Depression to help America get back on its feet and employ people. These are 6 New Deal programs:
The FDIC insured account holders up to $5,000 and set strict standards for banks to follow
Agricultural Adjustment Act: (AAA) Raised crop prices by lowering production
Tennessee Valley Authority: (TVA) Focused on direct relief to hard hit area– created ambitious dam projects
CCC – Civilian Conservation Corps put young men to work
CWA – Civil Works Administration built 40,000 schools and provided salaries
FERA – Federal Emergency Relief Agency provided $500 million in direct relief to the neediest Americans
What factors helped lead to the Great Depression? I need five things
As farmers increased production, prices went down and soil was ruined.
Too much was being bought on credit
People were buying less because they didn’t have the money and prices were increasing.
The stock market crashed
Banks collapsed after panic caused everyone to withdraw their money.
Define Isolationism and provide examples as to how America was this in the 1920s (Neutrality Acts).
Isolationism is staying out of the affairs of other countries. America stopped sales and loans to other countries at the start of WWII. The first two acts outlawed arms sales or loans to nations at war. The third act outlawed arms sales or loans to nations fighting civil wars
What were three main causes of the Dust-Bowl?
The land was overused
Not fertilized properly
No crop rotation
The topsoil was blown by the wind, exposing the sand underneath
As the storm went on, it grew and got stronger
What effect does overproduction have on prices?
Overproduction causes prices to drop/decrease.
What is the FDIC?
The FDIC insured account holders up to $5,000 and set strict standards for banks to follow (part of the New Deal)
Explain what the Harlem Renaissance was and describe the impact it had on race relations throughout the north.
The Harlem Renaissance was a golden age in African American culture, manifesting in literature, music, stage performance and art. African American culture became accepted and mainstream for everybody.
Describe at least 4 reasons why the Stock Market Crashed and what surviving banks did after the crash. Consider overuse of credit, credit freeze, and stock market manipulation
The stock market crashed because of many reasons. Firstly, too many people were using credit and not paying it back. Also, companies lied about their success so people would buy their stock. Another reason is margin, which is paying a small price of the stock and borrowing the rest. Lastly, speculation, which is people buying stocks and hoping for a quick profit. All of these reasons led to the crash of the stock market.
Identify 2 New Deal programs that continue to the present time and explain what they do.
FDIC- insured peoples money in the banks to prevent another depression.
FERA- gives relief checks for needy Americans to lessen the gap between rich and poor.
What event caused the United States to enter WWII? What was the date?
Pearl Harbor caused the U.S. to enter the war on December 7, 1941.
Which New Deal program most directly tried to help farmers struggling in the Dust Bowl?
The AAA: raised crop prices by lowering production.
Explain the Hawley-Smoot Tariff. How did it make the Great Depression much worse?
It was a tariff put on other countries to make the U.S. more money but it had the opposite effect because other countries put a large tariff on us.
Explain what the U.S. government did to Japanese-Americans following the bombing of Pearl Harbor.
The government put Japanese-Americans in work camps, away from their homes and jobs to live in a small community. These Japanese-Americans felt powerless and trapped.
What sacrifices were non-military U.S. citizens expected to make during WWII? (Provide 3 examples)
Rationing food and collecting materials like scrap iron, tin cans, paper, and rags.
Working and keeping businesses going.
Making weapons and supplies (tanks, planes, boats, and command cars)
How did U.S. women specifically help the war effort in WWII?
U.S. women took over the jobs that the soldiers left behind. Women were the ones making weapons, being nurses, pilots, radio operators, and ambulance drivers. They kept the country running while the men were off at war.
Who were the 442nd regimental combat team during WWII and why was their role significant? Please also talk about how other minority groups helped fight during WWII for the United States…
The 442nd regimental combat team was a team of Japanese-American soldiers that became the most decorated in history.
1,000,000 African Americans served in the military
300,000 Mexican-Americans
33,000 Japanese Americans
25,000 Native Americans
13,000 Chinese Americans
Explain the Cash and Carry policy of the U.S. before WWII.
The Cash and Carry policy provision that allowed nations to buy U.S. arms and transport them in their own ships.
Explain the Lend Lease plan before WWII.
The Lend Lease plan was when the U.S. would lend or lease arms to nations whose defense was vital to America. The U.S. stayed out of the actual fighting at this time.
What does it mean when the U.S. was referred to as “The Great Arsenal of Democracy.” during WWII?
The U.S. was called this because we only lent arms to countries that also had a democracy, trying to ensure that communism wouldn’t take over and democracy would stay.
What did the 18th amendment do?
Banned the buying and selling of alcohol.
What did the 19th amendment do?
Allowed women to vote.
