American imperialism

Question 1

What were the U.S.’s interests in Cuba?

Answer 1

1) Economic interests (sugar plantations)
2) military strategy (naval base at Guantanamo)
3) political influence (stability in the Caribbean)

Question 2

What strategies and actions did the U.S. take regarding Cuba?

Answer 2

• U.S. supported Cuban independence from Spain (Spanish-AMERICAN War, 1898)
• resulting in the Treaty of Paris
• established military governance
• created the Platt Amendment
• allowing U.S. intervention in CUban affairs

Question 3

What were the results for the U.S. and Cuba?

Answer 3

• U.S. gained control over Cuba’s foreign policy and established a naval base
• Cuba became controlled by U.S., leading to long-term resentment and tensions.

Question 4

What were the U.S.’s interests in Panama?

Answer 4

Strategic interest in building the Panama Canal for faster maritime trade routes and military mobility

Question 5

What strategies and actions did the U.S. take regarding Panama?

Answer 5

• Encouraged and supported Panama’s independence from Colombia (1903)
• negotiated the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty to secure canal rights

Question 6

What were the results for the U.S. and Panama?

Answer 6

• The U.S. constructed and controlled the Panama Canal
• significantly enhancing trade and military movement
• Panama received financial compensation but faced loss of sovereignty.

Question 7

What were the U.S.’s interests in Hawaii?

Answer 7

• Economic interests (sugar & pineapple plantations)
• military (strategic naval base at Pearl Harbor)
• political influence in the Pacific

Question 8

What strategies and actions did the U.S. take regarding Hawaii?

Answer 8

• U.S. annexed Hawaii in 1898 after supporting the overthrow of Queen Liliʻuokalani in 1893 & securing a naval base

Question 9

What were the results for the U.S. and Hawaii?

Answer 9

• Hawaii became a U.S. territory, facilitating American economic interests
• indigenous governance diminished
• leading to cultural loss and resistance

Question 10

What were the U.S.’s interests in the Philippines?

Answer 10

• Economic interests (trade routes to China)
• military strategic positioning
• political control over a colony

Question 11

What strategies and actions did the U.S. take regarding the Philippines?

Answer 11

• Acquired the Philippines after defeating Spain in the Spanish-American War
• suppressed the Philippine-American War (1899-1902) against independence fighters

Question 12

What were the results for the U.S. and the Philippines?

Answer 12

• The U.S. established control
• promoted American governance & education (“civillzation” & converting to protestant christianity)
• led to long-term resentment & struggles for independence

Question 13

What were the U.S.’s interests in Mexico?

Answer 13

• Economic interests (investment in oil, agriculture),
• political stability to sustain their markets
• preventing European intervention

Question 14

What strategies and actions did the U.S. take regarding Mexico?

Answer 14

• Intervened with military force (e.g., Veracruz in 1914)
• supported Mexican groups during the Mexican Revolution

Question 15

What were the results for the U.S. and Mexico?

Answer 15

• U.S. influence in Mexican politics increased
• relations soured due to interventions
• instability continued in Mexico -> leading to anti-American sentiments

Question 16

What were the U.S.’s interests in China?

Answer 16

• Economic interests (trade opportunities)
• political interests (open door policy)
• preventing European colonization

Question 17

What strategies and actions did the U.S. take regarding China?

Answer 17

• Promoted the Open Door Policy (1899) to ensure equal trading rights
• participated in suppressing the Boxer Rebellion (1900)

Question 18

What were the results for the U.S. and China?

Answer 18

• U.S. gained access to Chinese markets without territorial control
• China faced internal conflict and foreign exploitation but maintained power