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American Revolution Flashcards

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1
Q

Samuel Adams

A

Leader of sons of Liberty who organized boycotts and protests. Delegate of the Continental Congress

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2
Q

King George III

A

King of England during the American Revolution. Issued economic policies (taxes) because of national debt of the French and Indian war

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3
Q

Crispus Attucks

A

First to die in the American Revolution during the Boston massacre

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4
Q

Paul revere

A

Created the most famous engraving known as the Boston massacre. Was one of the patriots who warned the British were coming in the midnight ride

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5
Q

John Adams

A

Lawyer who defended the British soldiers in the Boston massacre and was a delegate of the Continental Congress

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6
Q

Abigail Adams

A

Wife of John Adams called for women’s rights as a part of Independence. “Remember the ladies”

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7
Q

Patrick Henry

A

Delicate of the first Continental Congress well known orator who famously declared “give me liberty, or give me death”

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8
Q

George Washington

A

Appointed Commander in Chief of the Continental army and delegate of the Continental Congress

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9
Q

1st Continental Congress (1774)

A

12 out of 13 colonial delegates met in Philadelphia to discuss the growing aggression towards Britain. Colonists sent a grievances to the king

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10
Q

Lexington and Concord (1775)

A

Known as “the shot heard around the world” started the American Revolution

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11
Q

Second Continental Congress (1775)

A

Colonial delegates gathered again in Philadelphia they offered Britain a last chance to avoid war with a petition called the alive branch but the king rejected the peace offering. (Declare independence, appointed George Washington commander in Chief)

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12
Q

John Locke

A

Influence the declaration of Independence with his idea of natural rights (unalienable rights, rights that cannot be taken away, rights as a result of being human, life liberty and property/pursuit of happiness)

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13
Q

Thomas paine

A

Writer of common sense, increased support for American independence

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14
Q

Mercy Otis warren

A

Wrote plays and poems that influenced the declaration of Independence gain support for the war

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15
Q

Committee of correspondence

A

Wrote the first history of the American Revolution *letters about events and plans for protest

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16
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

List of grievances against the king, adopted July 4th 1776 , written by Thomas Jefferson defined rights that would defeat tyranny

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17
Q

John Hancock

A

Demonstrated his commitment by signing the declaration of Independence

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18
Q

Benjamin Franklin

A

Delicate at the Continental Congress helped draft the declaration of Independence

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19
Q

Patriot

A

Colonists who opposed Britain

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20
Q

Loyalist

A

Supporters of the crown

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21
Q

Lexington and Concord

A

1775, Massachusetts Bay. Start of the American Revolution British troops surrender back to Boston

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22
Q

Battle of Trenton

A

1776, New Jersey surprise attack by colonist on German mercenaries

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23
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

1777, New York turning point of the war convince France to become allies with the Americans after their victory over the British

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24
Q

Winter of valley forge

A

1777-78, Pennsylvania long hard winter experience by colonial army, dealt with freezing, for shelter, let food, clothing, and supplies. Marquis de Lafayette train soldiers

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25
Battle of Yorktown
1781, Virginia final battle of the American Revolution colonists won the battle with assistance from the French. General Cornwallis surrenders
26
Treaty of Paris
1783 colonists are independent Britain will remove all troops colonist gained land from Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River
27
Commander in Chief of the Continental army
George Washington
28
Author of the declaration of Independence
Thomas Jefferson
29
Asked friends to Ally with the USA after the Battle of Saratoga
Benjamin Franklin
30
Help to revise the declaration of Independence
John Adams
31
American naval war hero
John Paul Jones
32
Warned the colonists the British are coming
Paul Revere
33
French general Ally who helped train the continental army at valley forge
Marquis de Lafayette
34
African American colonial spy
James armistead
35
Charles de Montesquieu
Separated government into three sections
36
Wentworth cherwell
African American patriot who carried intelligence and messages for the Continental army. Made a midnight ride to Warren citizens the British were coming
37
James armistead
African American spy who acted as a slave for Washington and the colonial army
38
John Paul Jones
First naval hero given the Congressional middle of Honor for his valor and brilliant service
39
Marques de Lafayette
Frenchman who helped train the Continental army during the winter at valley forge helped finance the war and secure the victory at Yorktown
40
George Washington
Leader of the Continental army showed his leadership skills during the winter at valley forge *patriotism, valor, conduct, fidelity
41
General Cornwallis
General of the British army surrendered at the Battle of Yorktown
42
Northwest ordinance
The Northwest ordinance is considered a historical time Stone because it was the process of admitting the new States into Union
43
Northwest ordinance guidelines and guarantees
Guidelines- 5,000 free male settlers, 60,000 population, no slavery allowed Guarantees- trail by jury, freedom of Religion, property rights, Public education, equal to existing states
44
Articles of confederation
America's first constitution 1781-1787 each state retains their sovereignty (power) created a weak federal government (feared tyranny)
45
Northwest Territory
Newly acquired land between the Appalachian mountains and the Mississippi River = rich farmland, improve trade
46
Articles of confederation - weakness : no PACCT
P- president A- army C- courts C- common currency T- taxes
47
Shay's rebellion
Proved that the federal government needed to be restructured. 1787 Massachusetts farmers were bailed over raised property taxes and seizure of farms
48
One Congressional vote per state
Needed at least nine votes for approval difficult to ratify new laws or amend Constitution Virginia- votes based on population New Jersey- equal representation one vote per state
49
Articles of confederation structure
Ratify new laws - required 9/13 votes Amending the Constitution - change required all 13 votes
50
The Great compromise
Senate - New Jersey plan; equal representation House of representation - Virginia plan; based on population
51
3/5ths compromise
Three out of five slaves would count for representation and taxation
52
Popular sovereignty
Government gets its power from the people through electing representatives
53
Republicanism
Elected representatives carry out the will of the people *vote for you
54
Individual rights
The rights and liberties given to each individual in the Constitution without interference from others or the government
55
Limited government
Government only has certain delegated powers and cannot act beyond them
56
Federalism
Power is divided and shared between the federal and state government
57
Checks and balance
Branches can check actions by other branches in order to keep them in balance
58
Separation of powers
Power is divided between three branches of the federal government to keep them from having too much power * Charles de Montesquieu
59
Legislative branch
Makes laws Congress (bicameral legislatures* 2 houses) 1.Senate 2. House of representatives
60
Executive branch
Enforces laws; president, vice president, cabinet, military
61
Judicial branch
Interpret laws; determines the constitutionality of a law supreme court, judges
62
Federalist
For federalism, ratification of constitution, strong central government, president * Alexander Hamilton * James Madison * John Jay
63
Anti-federalist
Against federalism, ratification of constitution, against central government * Add Bill of Rights *George Mason * Patrick Henry
64
Civic virtue
What you should do as a good citizen stay informed, vote, respect opinions
65
Civic duty
What you must do to have a stable government; jury duty, obey laws, pay taxes

History (2 decks)

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