American Revolution (1775-83) Flashcards
What is a patriot?
People who were living in the 13 colonies. They wanted their independence from Britain so they can establish their own country
What are loyalists?
People who were living in the 13 colonies. They were loyal to Britain and wanted the 13 colonies to remain part of the British Empire. Eventually, the Loyalists were forced to move to other parts of the British Empire due to how the Patriots treated them
Name three of 13 colonies
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina.
When was Britain left with massive amounts of debt
After the seven years war
What was it costing the British government?
A lot of money to maintain an army in the 13 colonies
Why were the 13 colonies upset?
Because they felt that they were being taxed without representation from The Thirteen Colonies in British Parliament
What was the Sugar Act?
It took place in 1764. The British Parliament passed a law that they will now tax sugar and molasses. The colonists reacted by boycotting sugar
What was the Stamp Act?
It took place in 1765. The British Parliament passed a law that all legal documents and newspapers were to be produced on stamped paper - which was taxed. The colonists reacted with angry speeches, boycotting British goods and abusing tax collectors. The British government had to recall the law in 1766.
What was the Townshend Acts?
It took place in 1767. Another law was passed by the British Parliament taxing glass, tea, lead, paper and paint. The colonists avoided purchasing British goods where possible. The British government had to recall this set of acts in 1770, but kept the tax on tea.
What was the Boston Massacre?
On March 5, 1770, a mob gathered around a British guardwhoverbally abused him before attacking Captain Thomas Preston and his men with clubs, snowballs, and stones. The latter opened fire, killing five people and wounding six.
What was the Tea Act?
It took place in 1773. The East India Company was given exclusive rights to sell tea in North America. This upset the colonists, and they refused to let ships belonging to the East India Company enter the harbours of New York and Philadelphia, making the ships return to Britain. In Charleston, South Carolina, the tea was left out on the docks to rot.
What was the Boston Tea Party?
It took place in 1773. On December 16, Governor Thomas Hutchinson allowed 3 tea-carrying ships into the Boston Harbor. Upset by this event, some people from Boston dressed up like Indigenous Americans (so they could not be identified and punished) and made their way onto the tea ships. Once on the tea ships, they dumped the tea into the Boston Harbor. This event became known as the Boston Tea Party.
Intolerable Acts?
It took place in 1774. Several different acts were passed to tighten Britain’s control over their colonies. As a response to the Boston Tea Party, Boston was closed to all shipping until all of the destroyed tea was paid for, and the King was reimbursed for his lost taxes. In another act, Quebec was given control over the Ohio Territory. This angered the colonists who felt that it was to prevent them from moving west and expanding their territory. These acts prompted the colonists to develop their own army to fight against Britain.
