Amines, amides, amino acids and proteins Flashcards

Question

How do you form bromobenzene from a diazonium salt? What else is produced?

Answer 1

Conc HBr CuBr catalyst and reflux Nitrogen gas

Answer 2

Conc HCl CuCl catalyst and reflux Nitrogen gas

Answer 3

Conc HCN CuCN catalyst and reflux Nitrogen gas

Answer 4

Benzendiazonium ion reacts readily in cold alkaline solution with aromatic amines and phenols Join two aromatic rings together using -N=N- HCl also produced

Answer 5

Extensive delocalisation electron systems that spread across the entire molecule through the N=N coupling Used as colourfast dies

Answer 6

Joining amide molecules together in a condensation reaction | For example nylon

Answer 7

6 carbon atoms in each of the monomers | Hexandioic acid and 1,6-diaminohexane

Answer 8

Phenol or cyclohexane

Answer 9

Stockings | Wool and ropes to add resistance and wear and tear

Answer 10

2 small molecules | Polyamide (C and N at ends of chains)

Answer 11

``` Polyamide Resists high temperatures Low thermal conductivity High tensile strength Flame, chemical and cut resistant ```

Answer 12

Replacement for steel in racing car tyres Bullet proof vests Data transmission cables

Answer 13

Thickener and filler in facial surgery Readily cross-linked with other chains, giving it a huge capacity to absorb water and making it useful for soft contact lenses

Answer 14

Addition polymer formed from 2-propenamide

Answer 15

Addition polymer manufactured from another polymer by the process of ester exchange First, ethyl ethanoate is polymerised Next, ester exchange reaction with methanol takes place by which can be controlled by altering the temperature Methyl ethanoate is also produced

Answer 16

Percentage of ester groups that have been replaced Eg can be made to allow it to dissolve in hot water which can be used. Infected sheets put into poly(ethanol) bag and dissolved in washing machine

Answer 17

``` When poly(ethanol) is reacted with Na2B4O7 dissolved in water Borate ions interact with OH group in the polymer and forms cross-links between the chains ```

Answer 18

``` Addition polymers (polyethene, polypropene) are resistant to chemicals such as acids, alkalis and organic solvents as the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not easily attacked Polyamides have links between the molecules which are vulnerable to attack under acidic or alkaline conditions ```

Answer 19

R H2N-C-COOH H R may be polar or non-polar

Answer 20

Make up proteins which make up enzymes Enzymes control body chemistry and cell structure Tissues such as muscles are made up mainly from amino acids in the form of proteins Every protein consists of a very long chain of amino acids in a particular sequence Proteins you eat are broken down into amino acids by digestion in your body

Answer 21

3 letter short hand which is often the first 3 letters of the trivial name

Answer 22

When two amino acids join together, undergoing a condensation reaction (losing molecule of water) and forms a dipeptide OH from COOH and H from NH2 react

Answer 23

Amino acid loses a proton from COOH and forms a negative ion

Answer 24

Amino acid receives a proton on NH2 group and forms a positive ion

Answer 25

Formed when an amino acid is in neutral solution Both positive and negative ions within the same molecule H from COOH is donated to NH2 Exist as zwitterions when in solid state, explaining relatively high melting temperatures and why they dissolve in water

Amines, amides, amino acids and proteins Flashcards

(49 cards)