Amines, amino acids, chirality and condensation polymers Flashcards
(20 cards)
how are amines able to act as bases
Nitrogen has a lone pair of electrons that can accept a proton
what happens then ammonia accepts a proton
an ammonium ion forms
formula for an ammonium ion
NH4+
what forms when you add an acid to an amine
a salt forms
CH3CH2NH2 + H2SO4
(CH3CH2+)2SO42-
how to produce a primary amine
step 1: haloalkane + ammonia –> ammonium salt
step 2: ammonium salt + NaOH –> amine + salt + water
reagents for aliphatic amine formation
excess ammonia
ethanol as a solvent
why is excess ammonia required in aliphatic amine formation
to reduce the risk of further substitutions
why is ethanol required in aliphatic amine formation
to reduce OH- substitutions forming alcohols
how to produce a secondary amine
same as primary amine but using a primary amine instead of ammonia
how to produce a tertiary amine
same as primary amine but using a secondary amine instead of ammonia
how to produce an aromatic amine
reduction of nitrobenzene
reduction of nitrobenzene formula
nitrobenzene + 6[H] –> phenylamine + 2H2O
what is the reducing agent in the formation of aromatic amines
Sn/concentrated HCl
reagents for formation of aromatic amines
Sn/ conc HCl
Excess NaOH
amino acid general formula
RCH(NH2)COOH
what is an alpha amino acid
the amine and carboxylic acid groups are bonded to the same carbon
zwitterion
amine group accepts proton, carboxyl group donates proton, no overall charge
isoelectric point
the pH at which the zwitterion forms
